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arXiv 2211.07705cs.CLcs.LG
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基于机器学习的工程造价文件国际计量标准分类

A Machine Learning Approach to Classifying Construction Cost Documents into the International Construction Measurement Standard

University of the West of England(西英格兰大学)

J. Ignacio Deza, Hisham Ihshaish, Lamine Mahdjoubi

摘要:

我们介绍了第一个自动化模型分类自然语言描述提供的成本文件中称为“账单”(BOQs)流行的基础设施建设行业,到国际建设测量标准(ICMS)。我们部署和系统评估的多类文本分类模型是从英国24个大型基础设施建设项目中检索的5万多个项目描述的数据集中学习的。我们描述了我们的语言表示和随后的建模方法,以检查上下文语义的强度和时间依赖性的语言在建设项目文档中使用。为了做到这一点,我们评估了两个实验管道,从文本中推断ICMS代码,基于两种不同的语言表示模型和一系列最先进的基于序列的分类方法,包括循环和卷积神经网络架构。研究结果表明,一个高效准确的ICMS自动化模型是触手可及的,在32个ICMS类别中,报告的准确性结果平均超过90%的F1分数。此外,由于BoQs文本中语言使用的特定性质;简短,主要是描述性和技术性的,我们发现,更简单的模型比较有利于实现更高的准确性结果。我们的分析表明,信息更有可能嵌入描述性文本中的局部关键特征中,这解释了为什么更简单的通用时间卷积网络(TCN)表现出与具有相同容量的递归架构相当的记忆,并且随后在此任务中表现优于这些架构。

英文摘要:

We introduce the first automated models for classifying natural language descriptions provided in cost documents called "Bills of Quantities" (BoQs) popular in the infrastructure construction industry, into the International Construction Measurement Standard (ICMS). The models we deployed and systematically evaluated for multi-class text classification are learnt from a dataset of more than 50 thousand descriptions of items retrieved from 24 large infrastructure construction projects across the United Kingdom. We describe our approach to language representation and subsequent modelling to examine the strength of contextual semantics and temporal dependency of language used in construction project documentation. To do that we evaluate two experimental pipelines to inferring ICMS codes from text, on the basis of two different language representation models and a range of state-of-the-art sequence-based classification methods, including recurrent and convolutional neural network architectures. The findings indicate a highly effective and accurate ICMS automation model is within reach, with reported accuracy results above 90% F1 score on average, on 32 ICMS categories. Furthermore, due to the specific nature of language use in the BoQs text; short, largely descriptive and technical, we find that simpler models compare favourably to achieving higher accuracy results. Our analysis suggest that information is more likely embedded in local key features in the descriptive text, which explains why a simpler generic temporal convolutional network (TCN) exhibits comparable memory to recurrent architectures with the same capacity, and subsequently outperforms these at this task.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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