气相沉积聚苯乙烯玻璃的表面弛豫和体弛豫
Surface and Bulk Relaxation of Vapour-Deposited Polystyrene Glasses
摘要：
我们研究了气相沉积的聚苯乙烯玻璃膜表面的液体样响应的表面上引入的金纳米粒子。聚合物材料的积聚作为时间和温度的函数被测量，用于刚沉积的膜，以及已经再生以从平衡液体冷却成为正常玻璃的膜。表面轮廓的时间演化很好地描述了毛细驱动的表面流的特征幂律。在所有情况下，与本体相比，沉积膜和再生膜的表面演变得到增强，并且不容易彼此区分。从表面演变确定的测得的弛豫时间的温度依赖性被认为是定量可比的高分子量的spincast聚苯乙烯的类似研究。玻璃态薄膜方程的数值解的比较提供了表面流动性的定量估计。对于足够接近玻璃化转变温度的温度，还测量颗粒嵌入并用作本体动力学的探针，特别是本体粘度。
英文摘要：
We have studied the liquid-like response of the surface of vapour-deposited glassy films of polystyrene to the introduction of gold nanoparticles on the surface. The build-up of polymer material was measured as a function of time and temperature for both as-deposited films, as well as films that have been rejuvenated to become normal glasses cooled from the equilibrium liquid. The temporal evolution of the surface profile is well described by the characteristic power law of capillary-driven surface flows. In all cases, the surface evolution of the as-deposited films and the rejuvenated films are enhanced compared to bulk and are not easily distinguishable from each other. The temperature dependence of the measured relaxation times determined from the surface evolution is found to be quantitatively comparable to similar studies for high molecular weight spincast polystyrene. Comparisons to numerical solutions of the glassy thin film equation provide quantitative estimates of the surface mobility. For temperatures sufficiently close to the glass-transition temperature, particle embedding is also measured and used as a probe of bulk dynamics, and in particular bulk viscosity.
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