结合大气响应政策应用的堪萨斯州技术风能潜力的估算
Estimating the technical wind energy potential of Kansas that incorporates the atmospheric response for policy applications
摘要：
能源方案和过渡途径需要对技术风能潜力进行估计。然而，标准的策略侧方法使用观测到的风速，从而忽略了风力涡轮机的动能（KE）去除的影响，该风力涡轮机消耗区域风力资源，降低风速，并降低容量因子。因此，相对于使用具有交互式风电场参数化的大气数值模型的估计，标准方法显著高估了风力资源潜力。在这里，我们测试的程度，这些影响KE去除可以占我们的KE预算的大气（KEBA）的方法在堪萨斯州在美国中部，一个地区的高风能资源。我们发现KEBA在10 - 11%的范围内再现了模拟估计值，比使用标准方法的估计值低30 - 50%。我们还评估了白天和夜间条件下，这是由于稳定性的影响，风资源消耗的重要差异。我们的研究结果表明，KEBA方法是一个简单而充分的方法来评估区域规模的风力资源潜力，资源枯竭的影响，需要考虑在这样的规模在政策应用。
英文摘要：
Energy scenarios and transition pathways need estimates of technical wind energy potentials. However, the standard policy-side approach uses observed wind speeds, thereby neglecting the effects of kinetic energy (KE) removal by the wind turbines that depletes the regional wind resource, lowers wind speeds, and reduces capacity factors. The standard approach therefore significantly overestimates the wind resource potential relative to estimates using numerical models of the atmosphere with interactive wind farm parameterizations. Here, we test the extent to which these effects of KE removal can be accounted for by our KE Budget of the Atmosphere (KEBA) approach over Kansas in the central US, a region with a high wind energy resource. We find that KEBA reproduces the simulated estimates within 10 - 11%, which are 30 - 50% lower than estimates using the standard approach. We also evaluate important differences in the depletion of the wind resource between daytime and nighttime conditions, which are due to effects of stability. Our results indicate that the KEBA approach is a simple yet adequate approach to evaluating regional-scale wind resource potentials, and that resource depletion effects need to be accounted for at such scales in policy applications.
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