有罪的（硅）心灵：人机合作中的责任和责任
The Guilty (Silicon) Mind: Blameworthiness and Liability in Human-Machine Teaming
摘要：
随着人类科学推动人工智能（AI）发展的边界，进步的席卷使学者和政策制定者都质疑在各种人类活动中应用或利用AI的合法性。例如，国际学术界就将人工智能应用于武器系统以形成致命自主武器系统（LAWS）的合法性展开了激烈的辩论。然而，即使人工智能被应用于一个没有武器化的军事自动化系统，这个论点也是正确的：如何让一台机器对犯罪负责？会不会是侵权？人工智能体能理解其指令中的道德和伦理内容吗？这些都是棘手的问题，在许多情况下，这些问题的答案是否定的，因为人造实体缺乏任何偶然的道德代理。那么，如果人工智能并不孤单，而是与人类联系在一起或由人类监督，并有自己的道德和伦理理解和义务呢？谁对可能犯下的任何渎职行为负责？人类是否承担人工智能做出的不道德或不道德决定的法律风险？这些是本手稿试图解决的一些问题。
英文摘要：
As human science pushes the boundaries towards the development of artificial intelligence (AI), the sweep of progress has caused scholars and policymakers alike to question the legality of applying or utilising AI in various human endeavours. For example, debate has raged in international scholarship about the legitimacy of applying AI to weapon systems to form lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS). Yet the argument holds true even when AI is applied to a military autonomous system that is not weaponised: how does one hold a machine accountable for a crime? What about a tort? Can an artificial agent understand the moral and ethical content of its instructions? These are thorny questions, and in many cases these questions have been answered in the negative, as artificial entities lack any contingent moral agency. So what if the AI is not alone, but linked with or overseen by a human being, with their own moral and ethical understandings and obligations? Who is responsible for any malfeasance that may be committed? Does the human bear the legal risks of unethical or immoral decisions by an AI? These are some of the questions this manuscript seeks to engage with.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
