城市洪水期间受扰交通网络的剖析
Anatomy of Perturbed Traffic Networks during Urban Flooding
摘要：
城市洪水破坏交通网络，影响居民的流动性和进出。由于洪水事件预计将因气候变化而增加，并考虑到交通网络的关键性，了解洪水造成的交通网络中断对于改善应急规划和城市复原力至关重要。利用高分辨率的交通网络数据，从一个重大的洪水事件和先进的高阶网络分析，这项研究揭示了扰动交通网络的解剖特征。首先，研究结果显示，在洪水退去后，即使在适度的洪水失败后，整个网络持续增加的旅行时间也可能持续数周。在灾害事件期间，1.3%的路段适度洪水造成整个交通网络8%的时间扩展。结果还显示，长途旅行将经历更大比例的旅行时间增加。此外，在旅行时间的增加程度不衰减与淹没区的距离，这表明洪水影响的空间范围超出了淹没区。从现有的文献，主要是告知在道路网络的物理脆弱性洪水，本研究的结果提供了重要的新的理解洪水对交通网络的运行的影响，在旅行时间和交通网络的几何形状。整个网络的持续旅行时间增加可以转化为用户成本，额外的二氧化碳排放和生产力损失方面的重大社会和经济影响。由于交通网络对城市运行的重要性，研究结果对城市管理者、交通规划者和应急管理者应对城市洪水的影响具有重要意义。
英文摘要：
Urban flooding disrupts traffic networks, affecting the mobility and disrupting access of residents. Since flooding events are predicted to increase due to climate change, and given the criticality of traffic networks, understanding the flood-caused disruption of traffic networks is critical to improve emergency planning and city resilience. Leveraging high-resolution traffic network data from a major flood event and advanced high-order network analysis, this study reveals characteristics of the anatomy of perturbed traffic networks. First, the findings show network-wide persistent increased travel times could last for weeks after flood water has receded, even after modest flood failure. During disaster event period, modest flooding of 1.3% road segments caused 8% temporal expansion of the entire traffic network. The results also show distant trips would experience a greater percentage increase in travel time. Also, the extent of increase in travel time does not decay with distance from inundated areas, suggesting that the spatial reach of flood impacts extends beyond flooded areas. Departing from the existing literature, which primarily informs about physical vulnerability in road networks to floods, the findings of this study provide important novel understanding of floods impacts on the functioning of traffic networks in terms of travel time and traffic network geometry. The persistent travel time increase in the entire network can translate to significant social and economic impacts in terms of user costs, additional CO2 emissions, and lost productivity. Due to the importance of traffic networks functioning for the operation of cities, the results have significance implications for city managers, transportation planners, and emergency managers to deal with the impacts of urban flooding.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
