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arXiv 2209.12129stat.MEstat.AP
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观察性纵向研究的设计

The Design of Observational Longitudinal Studies

Xavier Basagana, Donna Spiegelman

摘要:

本文考虑了具有连续响应和二元时不变暴露的观察性纵向研究的设计,其中,通常,暴露是不平衡的,两组的平均响应在基线时不同,并且所有参与者的测量时间可能不相同。我们考虑组的差异是恒定的和那些随时间线性增加。我们研究功率,研究参与者的数量(N)和重复测量的数量(r),并提供公式,为每个数量时,其他两个是固定的,复合对称,阻尼指数和随机截距和斜率协方差。当N和r都可以由调查员选择时,我们研究了在成本约束下最大化功率和最小化固定功率成本的最优组合。直观的参数化用于所有数量。所有计算都是在免费软件中实现的。

英文摘要:

This paper considers the design of observational longitudinal studies with a continuous response and a binary time-invariant exposure, where, typically, the exposure is unbalanced, the mean response in the two groups differs at baseline and the measurement times might not be the same for all participants. We consider group differences that are constant and those that increase linearly with time. We study power, number of study participants (N) and number of repeated measures (r), and provide formulas for each quantity when the other two are fixed, for compound symmetry, damped exponential and random intercepts and slopes covariances. When both N and r can be chosen by the investigator, we study the optimal combination for maximizing power subject to a cost constraint and minimizing cost for fixed power. Intuitive parameterizations are used for all quantities. All calculations are implemented in freely available software.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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