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arXiv 2209.09346physics.space-ph
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蒙特卡罗方法在太阳高能粒子输运和加速模拟中的应用

Application of the Monte Carlo Method in Modeling Transport and Acceleration of Solar Energetic Particles

Valeriy Tenishev, Lulu Zhao, Igor Sokolov

摘要:

对太阳高能粒子(SEP)动力学的定量表征的需要不仅仅是一门学术学科。它对人类空间活动有许多实际影响。地球磁场保护国际空间站和大多数无人任务免受SEP辐射。然而,具有硬能谱的极端SEP事件特别富含数百MeV至几GeV的质子,可以到达低地球轨道(LEO)的高度。这些质子具有很高的穿透能力,因此对人类航天飞行产生重大的辐射危害。SEPs对大气也有很大的影响。在极盖吸收(PCA)事件期间发生的高纬度地区高层大气的突然电离可阻断高频(HF)通信数小时,影响与洲际高空飞行飞机的通信。SEP在大气中的另一个影响是在高层大气中产生NOx分子,这可以消耗大气臭氧总量。本文还分析了(1)各种俯仰角扩散系数近似值如何影响模拟SEP种群的特性,以及(2)讨论了当SEP超过1 AU时俯仰角散射如何影响地球轨道上SEP事件的衰减阶段。

英文摘要:

The need for quantitative characterization of the solar energetic particle (SEP) dynamics goes beyond being an academic discipline only. It has numerous practical implications related to human activity in space. The terrestrial magnetic field shields the International Space Station (ISS) and most uncrewed missions from exposure to SEP radiation. However, extreme SEP events with hard energy spectra are particularly rich in hundreds of MeV to several GeV protons that can reach the altitudes of the Low Earth Orbit (LEO). These protons have a high penetrating capability, thus producing significant radiation hazards for human spaceflight. SEPs also have a significant effect on the atmosphere. Sudden ionization of the upper atmosphere at high latitudes that occurs during polar cap absorption (PCA) events can block high frequency (HF) communication for hours, affecting communication with aircraft on intercontinental high-altitude flights. Another effect of SEPs in the atmosphere is creating NOx molecules in the upper atmosphere that can deplete the atmospheric ozone population. The paper also presents an analysis of (1) how various pitch angle diffusion coefficient approximations affect the properties of the simulated SEPs population and (2) discusses how pitch angle scattering when SEPs are beyond 1 AU affects a SEP event decay phase at the Earth's orbit.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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