平流层中磁悬浮宏观传感器设计的分析模型
Analytical models for the design of photophoretically levitating macroscopic sensors in the stratosphere
摘要：
光泳力可以使地球平流层中10厘米大小的薄结构无限期地悬浮起来。本文建立了平流层中双层夹层结构热蒸腾力的解析模型。当层由等于平均自由程（MFP）的气隙分开时，当层的表面的大约一半由半径< MFP的孔组成时，以及当顶层是太阳能透射和红外发射的而底层是太阳能吸收和红外透射的时，放样最大化。我们使用这些模型来设计一个直径为10 cm的器械，该器械具有足够的强度来承受运输、部署和飞行中可能遇到的力。该设备在25公里高度的有效载荷约为285毫克;足以支持超过10 Mb/s的双向无线电通信和有限的导航。这种装置可用于地球和火星上的大气科学或电信。几倍大的结构可能有几克的有效载荷。
英文摘要：
Photophoretic forces could levitate thin 10 centimeter-scale structures in Earth's stratosphere indefinitely. We develop analytical models of the thermal transpiration force on a bilayer sandwich structure in the stratosphere. Lofting is maximized when the layers are separated by an air gap equal to the mean free path (MFP), when about half of the layers' surfaces consist of holes with radii < MFP, and when the top layer is solar-transmissive and infrared-emissive while the bottom layer is solar-absorptive and infrared-transmissive. We use the models to design a 10 cm diameter device with sufficient strength to withstand forces that might be encountered in transport, deployment, and flight. The device has a payload of about 285 mg at an altitude of 25 km; enough to support bidirectional radio communication at over 10 Mb/s and limited navigation. Such devices could be useful for atmospheric science or telecommunications on Earth and Mars. Structures a few times larger might have payloads of a few grams.
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