论广义非语境性的系统漏洞
On the system loophole of generalized noncontextuality
AI总结：
本文指出广义非语境性依赖不可区分性参照，提出制备-测量场景的相对非语境性及非语境性图，并讨论不同系统观如何固定参照。
摘要：
广义非语境性是一个被充分研究的经典性概念，与 Bell 定域性不同，它适用于单个系统。它依赖于在本体论模型中对操作上不可区分的程序作相同表示。然而，操作不可区分性取决于人们可用于区分两个程序的操作集合：我们将这一集合称为不可区分性的参照。因此，一个给定实验是否是非语境的，取决于参照的选择。文献中出现的参照选择很少被讨论，但通常与实验背后的某种系统概念相关。这种视角转变随即引出一个问题：应当如何定义实验背后系统的范围？本文的主要目的是揭示这一问题，而不是给出确定答案。我们首先为制备-测量场景表述了相对非语境性概念，它就是相对于显式不可区分性参照的非语境性。我们研究相对非语境性的判定如何依赖于这种参照选择，并在此过程中引入制备-测量场景的非语境性图概念。随后，我们讨论了若干可用于将参照固定为特定选择的方案，并将这些方案与关于系统究竟是什么的不同观念联系起来。通过这一讨论，我们主张：一个实验是否非语境，并不像通常认为的那样绝对。
英文摘要：
Generalized noncontextuality is a well-studied notion of classicality that is applicable to a single system, as opposed to Bell locality. It relies on representing operationally indistinguishable procedures identically in an ontological model. However, operational indistinguishability depends on the set of operations that one may use to distinguish two procedures: we refer to this set as the reference of indistinguishability. Thus, whether or not a given experiment is noncontextual depends on the choice of reference. The choices of references appearing in the literature are seldom discussed, but typically relate to a notion of system underlying the experiment. This shift in perspective then begs the question: how should one define the extent of the system underlying an experiment? Our paper primarily aims at exposing this question rather than providing a definitive answer to it. We start by formulating a notion of relative noncontextuality for prepare-and-measure scenarios, which is simply noncontextuality with respect to an explicit reference of indistinguishability. We investigate how verdicts of relative noncontextuality depend on this choice of reference, and in the process introduce the concept of the noncontextuality graph of a prepare-and-measure scenario. We then discuss several proposals that one may appeal to in order to fix the reference to a specific choice, and relate these proposals to different conceptions of what a system really is. With this discussion, we advocate that whether or not an experiment is noncontextual is not as absolute as often perceived.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
