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arXiv 2209.04142cs.LGstat.ME
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治疗序列与结果的政策干预因果建模

Causal Modeling of Policy Interventions From Sequences of Treatments and Outcomes

Aalto University(阿尔托大学);Helsinki University Hospital(赫尔辛基大学医院);University of Helsinki(赫尔辛基大学)

Çağlar Hızlı, ST John, Anne Juuti, Tuure Saarinen, Kirsi Pietiläinen, Pekka Marttinen

AI总结:

本研究提出结合高斯过程与点过程的连续时间联合建模方法,从观测序列估计治疗政策并预测干预及反事实结果,在血糖数据上优于现有方法。

摘要:

治疗政策定义了何时以及如何应用治疗以影响某个感兴趣的结果。数据驱动的决策需要能够预测政策改变后会发生什么。现有方法在预测不同情景下结果如何演变时,假设未来治疗的暂定序列是预先固定的,而实际上治疗是由政策随机决定的,并且可能依赖于先前治疗的效率等因素。因此,如果治疗政策未知或需要进行反事实分析,当前方法并不适用。为处理这些局限性,我们通过结合高斯过程和点过程,在连续时间内对治疗和结果进行联合建模。我们的模型能够从治疗和结果的观测序列中估计治疗政策,并能在对治疗政策进行干预后预测结果的干预性和反事实进展(与单一治疗的因果效应相对)。我们使用血糖进展的真实世界和半合成数据表明,我们的方法能比现有替代方法更准确地回答因果查询。

英文摘要:

A treatment policy defines when and what treatments are applied to affect some outcome of interest. Data-driven decision-making requires the ability to predict what happens if a policy is changed. Existing methods that predict how the outcome evolves under different scenarios assume that the tentative sequences of future treatments are fixed in advance, while in practice the treatments are determined stochastically by a policy and may depend, for example, on the efficiency of previous treatments. Therefore, the current methods are not applicable if the treatment policy is unknown or a counterfactual analysis is needed. To handle these limitations, we model the treatments and outcomes jointly in continuous time, by combining Gaussian processes and point processes. Our model enables the estimation of a treatment policy from observational sequences of treatments and outcomes, and it can predict the interventional and counterfactual progression of the outcome after an intervention on the treatment policy (in contrast with the causal effect of a single treatment). We show with real-world and semi-synthetic data on blood glucose progression that our method can answer causal queries more accurately than existing alternatives.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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