arXiv 2209.027072022-09quant-ph

基于丢弃数据的MDI-QKD资源高效型实时偏振补偿

Resource-Efficient Real-Time Polarization Compensation for MDI-QKD with Rejected Data

Olinka Bedroya, Chenyang Li, Wenyuan Wang, Jianyong Hu, Hoi-Kwong Lo, Li Qian

备注：: 14 pages, 5 figures and 3 tables
发表信息：: Quantum 8, 1435 (2024)
DOI：: 10.22331/q-2024-08-08-1435

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AI总结：

针对MDI-QKD偏振补偿需中断流程或额外资源的问题，提出利用丢弃的诱骗态探测事件实时评估偏振漂移的补偿方案，在40km光纤4小时内漂移低于0.13rad，实现3.8%误码率与7.45×10^{-6}比特/脉冲的密钥速率，提升资源效率。

摘要：

测量设备无关量子密钥分发（MDI-QKD）可消除探测系统中的所有安全漏洞，是实现密钥共享的一种极具前景的方案。偏振编码是最常用的QKD编码方案，因为其制备和测量都十分简便。然而，在MDI-QKD中实现偏振编码面临额外挑战，因为必须在两个相互无偏基下都需要保持偏振对准，且两条路径（Alice-Charlie和Bob-Charlie）均需维持偏振对准。\n偏振对准通常通过中断QKD流程（会降低整体密钥生成速率）或使用与量子信道复用的额外经典激光源来实现。由于低密钥速率和成本是阻碍QKD系统广泛应用的两大最紧迫挑战，使用额外资源或降低密钥速率与实现QKD商业化的目标背道而驰。因此，我们提出并在MDI-QKD系统中实现了一种新型偏振补偿方案，该方案通过回收部分丢弃的探测事件，避免了上述缺点。我们的方案基于对应诱骗态强度的单次测量结果实时评估偏振漂移。我们的全自动实验演示在40公里无绝缘护套的盘绕光纤上，至少4小时内将平均偏振漂移维持在0.13 rad以下。平均量子比特错误率为3.8%，我们实现了每脉冲7.45×10^{-6}比特的平均密钥速率。

英文摘要：

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) closes all the security loopholes in the detection system and is a promising solution for secret key sharing. Polarization encoding is the most common QKD encoding scheme, as it is straightforward to prepare and measure. However, implementing polarization encoding in MDI QKD imposes extra challenges, as polarization alignment must be maintained over both mutually unbiased bases and be maintained for both paths (Alice-Charlie and Bob-Charlie). Polarization alignment is usually done by interrupting the QKD process (reducing overall key generation rates) or using additional classical laser sources multiplexed with quantum channels for polarization alignment. Since low key rates and cost are the two most pressing challenges preventing wide adoption of QKD systems, using additional resources or reducing key rates runs contrary to making QKD commercially viable. Therefore, we propose and implement a novel polarization compensation scheme in the MDI-QKD system that avoids the aforementioned drawbacks by recycling part of discarded detection events. Our scheme evaluates the polarization drift in real-time based on single measurements corresponding to decoy intensities. Our fully automated experimental demonstration maintains the average polarization drift below 0.13 rad over 40 km of spooled fibre (without an insulating jacket) for at least four hours. The average quantum bit error rate is 3.8$\%$, and we achieved an average key rate of $7.45\times 10^{-6}$ bits per pulse.

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