南极望远镜ASTEP +的观测计划和自动数据处理
Observation Scheduling and Automatic Data Reduction for the Antarctic telescope, ASTEP+
摘要：
从南极洲的Dome C观测凌日系外行星的可能性提供了巨大的好处：稳定的天气条件，有限的大气湍流，以及由于南方冬季而持续近三个月的夜晚。然而，该网站也存在明显的局限性，例如有限的维护访问和只有几KB/s的互联网速度。这意味着每年收集的大约6 TB数据必须在现场自动处理，每天只向欧洲发送一次最终数据产品。在这方面，我们介绍了ASTEP+，一个40厘米的光学望远镜位于康科迪亚站在南极洲的业务现状。在成功的夏季活动之后，ASTEP+已经开始了2022年的观测季节，使用了一种全新的双色光度计，灵敏度更高。安装在Concordia专用服务器上的新Python数据分析管道将显着提高提取光度的精度，使我们能够获得更高的信噪比过境检测。新管道还采用了自动过境建模，以减少所需的手动后处理量。它还负责将光度学光变曲线和控制数据自动传输到欧洲。此外，我们提出了用于选择和调度过境观测的Python和基于Web的系统，这些系统具有广泛的适用性调度具有较强的时间约束的其他天文观测。我们还回顾了ASTEP+将进行的科学类型，并分析了ASTEP+对系外行星过境研究的独特性。
英文摘要：
The possibility to observe transiting exoplanets from Dome C in Antarctica provides immense benefits: stable weather conditions, limited atmospheric turbulence, and a night that lasts almost three months due to the austral winter. However, this site also presents significant limitations, such as limited access for maintenance and internet speeds of only a few KB/s. This latter factor means that the approximately 6 TB of data collected annually must be processed on site automatically, with only final data products being sent once a day to Europe. In this context, we present the current state of operations of ASTEP+, a 40 cm optical telescope located at Concordia Station in Antarctica. Following a successful summer campaign, ASTEP+ has begun the 2022 observing season with a brand-new two-colour photometer with increased sensitivity. A new Python data analysis pipeline installed on a dedicated server in Concordia will significantly improve the precision of the extracted photometry, enabling us to get higher signal-to-noise transit detections. The new pipeline additionally incorporates automatic transit modelling to reduce the amount of manual post-processing required. It also handles the automatic daily transfer of the photometric lightcurves and control data to Europe. Additionally, we present the Python and web-based systems used for selection and scheduling of transit observations; these systems have wide applicability for the scheduling of other astronomical observations with strong time constraints. We also review the type of science that ASTEP+ will be conducting and analyse how unique ASTEP+ is to exoplanet transit research.
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