南极望远镜的热处理：ASTEP观测的分析
Thermalizing a telescope in Antarctica: Analysis of ASTEP observations
摘要：
在南极洲安装和运行望远镜是一项特殊的挑战，特别是需要在极冷的温度下运行，以应对温度的快速波动并防止结霜。电子子系统的加热是必要的，但必须找到解决方案，以避免光路上的温度波动引起的湍流。ASTEP 400是一个40厘米的牛顿望远镜，自2010年以来安装在Concordia站的Dome C，用于恒星及其系外行星的光度观测。虽然望远镜的设计是为了传播恒星光在几个像素，以最大限度地提高光度稳定性，我们表明，它仍然是敏感的极端变化，看到在地面水平（约0.1和5角秒）和温度波动之间-30摄氏度和-80摄氏度。我们分析了白天和夜间的观测结果，并获得了由镜子，圆顶和相机引起的视宁度的大小。最重要的影响来自主镜的加热，它产生0.23角秒K-1的镜面视宁度。我们提出了解决方案，以减轻这些影响。
英文摘要：
The installation and operation of a telescope in Antarctica represent particular challenges, in particular the requirement to operate at extremely cold temperatures, to cope with rapid temperature fluctuations and to prevent frosting. Heating of electronic subsystems is a necessity, but solutions must be found to avoid the turbulence induced by temperature fluctua- tions on the optical paths. ASTEP 400 is a 40 cm Newton telescope installed at the Concordia station, Dome C since 2010 for photometric observations of fields of stars and their exoplanets. While the telescope is designed to spread star light on several pixels to maximize photometric stability, we show that it is nonetheless sensitive to the extreme variations of the seeing at the ground level (between about 0.1 and 5 arcsec) and to temperature fluctuations between --30 degrees C and --80 degrees C. We analyze both day-time and night-time observations and obtain the magnitude of the seeing caused by the mirrors, dome and camera. The most important effect arises from the heating of the primary mirror which gives rise to a mirror seeing of 0.23 arcsec K--1 . We propose solutions to mitigate these effects.
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