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arXiv 2208.03390math.DSmath.STnlin.CDphysics.data-anquant-phstat.TH
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动力系统封闭性的量子力学

Quantum Mechanics for Closure of Dynamical Systems

David Freeman, Dimitrios Giannakis, Joanna Slawinska

摘要:

基于量子力学和Koopman算符理论的数学框架,提出了一种数据驱动的动力系统未解维数参数化方案.给定一个系统,其中一些组件的状态是未知的,这种方法涉及到定义一个代理系统在一个时间依赖的量子态,确定通量从未解决的自由度在每个时间步。量子态是经典观测量的有限维希尔伯特空间上的密度算符,并在库普曼算符诱导的作用下随时间演化。量子状态也根据量子贝叶斯定律,通过运算符值特征映射实现,用解析变量的新值更新。核方法用于学习数据驱动的基函数,并将量子态、可观测量和演化算子表示为矩阵。由此产生的计算方案是自动保持正性的,有助于参数化系统的物理一致性。我们分析了两种不同的方式,这种方法应用到洛伦兹63和洛伦兹96多尺度系统的结果,并显示这种方法如何保留重要的统计和定性性质的基础混沌系统。

英文摘要:

We propose a scheme for data-driven parameterization of unresolved dimensions of dynamical systems based on the mathematical framework of quantum mechanics and Koopman operator theory. Given a system in which some components of the state are unknown, this method involves defining a surrogate system in a time-dependent quantum state which determines the fluxes from the unresolved degrees of freedom at each timestep. The quantum state is a density operator on a finite-dimensional Hilbert space of classical observables and evolves over time under an action induced by the Koopman operator. The quantum state also updates with new values of the resolved variables according to a quantum Bayes' law, implemented via an operator-valued feature map. Kernel methods are utilized to learn data-driven basis functions and represent quantum states, observables, and evolution operators as matrices. The resulting computational schemes are automatically positivity-preserving, aiding in the physical consistency of the parameterized system. We analyze the results of two different modalities of this methodology applied to the Lorenz 63 and Lorenz 96 multiscale systems, and show how this approach preserves important statistical and qualitative properties of the underlying chaotic systems.

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