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arXiv 2208.03371quant-phphysics.plasm-ph
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量子不稳定性

Quantum Instability

Michael Q. May, Hong Qin

AI总结:

本文以三波相互作用为例,揭示了具有实特征值的厄米特量子系统如何产生与经典理论相对应的线性不稳定性,即波函数在占据数态空间中级联,且伴随更丰富的谱和更长的回归时间。

摘要:

许多封闭保守系统的物理规律既可以用经典理论也可以用量子理论来描述。经典理论描述的动力学是辛的,并存在线性不稳定性,这乍看之下似乎与幺正量子描述相矛盾。以三波相互作用为例,我们描述了一个与时间无关的有限维量子系统(该系统是厄米特矩阵且所有特征值均为实数)如何产生与经典系统中相对应的线性不稳定性。我们表明,在量子理论中,这种不稳定性表现为波函数在占据数态空间中的级联,且不稳定的量子系统比稳定的量子系统具有更丰富的谱和长得多的回归时间。文中还描述了产生量子不稳定性的条件。

英文摘要:

The physics of many closed, conservative systems can be described by both classical and quantum theories. The dynamics according to classical theory is symplectic and admits linear instabilities which would initially seem at odds with a unitary quantum description. Using the example of three-wave interactions, we describe how a time-independent, finite-dimensional quantum system, which is Hermitian with all real eigenvalues, can give rise to a linear instability corresponding to that in the classical system. We show that the instability is realized in the quantum theory as a cascade of the wave function in the space of occupation number states, and an unstable quantum system has a richer spectrum and a much longer recurrence time than a stable quantum system. The conditions for quantum instability are described.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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