CRESCENDO：宇宙学模拟中谱宇宙射线的动态Fokker-Planck求解器
CRESCENDO: An on-the-fly Fokker-Planck Solver for Spectral Cosmic Rays in Cosmological Simulations
摘要：
相对论性宇宙线（CR）电子的非热辐射可以深入了解团簇内磁场的强度和形态，并提供强有力的结构形成冲击的示踪剂。另一方面，由CR质子引起的发射仍然挑战当前的观测，因此正在测试集群内冲击的质子加速模型。包括CR效应的大规模模拟一直难以实现，并且主要减少到模拟总体能量预算，或在模拟输出的后处理中跟踪CR群体，并且通常针对质子或电子进行。我们介绍CRESCENDO：宇宙射线演化与光谱电子和质子，一个有效的动态福克-普朗克求解器，在我们的模拟的每个分辨率元素内演化CR质子和电子的分布。求解器占CR（再）加速在集群内冲击，最近的PIC模拟，绝热变化和辐射损失的电子的结果的基础上。我们展示了它的性能在测试用例以及理想化的星系团（GC）模拟。我们将该模型应用到一个理想的GC合并CIZA J2242.4+5301-1的最佳拟合参数和研究CR注入，射电遗迹形态，光谱陡化和同步辐射。
英文摘要：
Non-thermal emission from relativistic Cosmic Ray (CR) electrons gives insight into the strength and morphology of intra-cluster magnetic fields, as well as providing powerful tracers of structure formation shocks. Emission caused by CR protons on the other hand still challenges current observations and is therefore testing models of proton acceleration at intra-cluster shocks. Large-scale simulations including the effects of CRs have been difficult to achieve and have been mainly reduced to simulating an overall energy budget, or tracing CR populations in post-processing of simulation output and has often been done for either protons or electrons. We introduce CRESCENDO: Cosmic Ray Evolution with SpeCtral Electrons aND prOtons, an efficient on-the-fly Fokker-Planck solver to evolve distributions of CR protons and electrons within every resolution element of our simulation. The solver accounts for CR (re-)acceleration at intra-cluster shocks, based on results of recent PIC simulations, adiabatic changes and radiative losses of electrons. We show its performance in test cases as well as idealized galaxy cluster (GC) simulations. We apply the model to an idealized GC merger following best-fit parameters for CIZA J2242.4+5301-1 and study CR injection, radio relic morphology, spectral steepening and synchrotron emission.
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