Contactless acoustic methods were used to determine electrical parameters - electrical conductivity, carrier mobility and their concentration - in single-layer graphene deposited on the surface of lithium niobate.
Producing and manipulating graphene on fab-compatible scale, while maintaining its remarkable carrier mobility, is key to finalize its technological application. We show that a large-scale approach (chemical vapor deposition on Cu followed by polymer-mediated semi-dry transfer) yields single-layer graphene crystals fully comparable, in terms of electronic transport, to micro-mechanically exfoliated flakes. hBN is used to encapsulate the graphene crystals $-$ without taking part to their detachment from the growth catalyst $-$ and study their intrinsic properties in field-effect devices. At roo…
To realize the applicative potential of 2D twistronic devices, scalable synthesis and assembly techniques need to meet stringent requirements in terms of interface cleanness and twist-angle homogeneity. Here, we show that small-angle twisted bilayer graphene assembled from separated CVD-grown graphene single-crystals can ensure high-quality transport properties, determined by a device-scale-uniform moireé potential. Via low-temperature dual-gated magnetotransport, we demonstrate the hallmarks of a $2.4^\circ$ -twisted superlattice, including tunable regimes of interlayer coupling, reduced Ferm…
Transport in Nanoribbon Interconnects Obtained from Graphene Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition
我们研究了石墨烯纳米管(GNR)的互连从石墨烯化学气相沉积(CVD)生长。我们报告低场和高场的电气测量在很宽的温度范围内,从1.7到900 K。室温迁移率在100至500 cm 2/V/s的范围内,与来自剥离的石墨烯的GNR相当,这表明体缺陷或晶界在小于CVD石墨烯微晶尺寸的器件中几乎不起作用。在高电场下,峰值电流密度受到焦耳加热的限制,但少量的热工程使我们能够达到约2 x 10^9 A/cm 2,这是纳米级CVD石墨烯互连的最高报告。在低于~5 K的温度下,短GNR充当量子点,其尺寸与其长度相当,突出了金属接触在限制传输中的作用。我们的研究说明了CVD生长GNRs的机会,同时揭示了可变性和接触作为未来的挑战。
Electrical spin injection into graphene from a topological insulator in a van der Waals heterostructure
全电(无磁性材料)自旋注入是自旋电子学的突出目标之一。拓扑绝缘体(TI)由于其强的自旋-轨道耦合,特别是自旋-动量锁定的拓扑表面态(TSS)支持螺旋自旋极化电流,被认为是一种很有前途的电控自旋源。许多TI材料,例如Bi基硫族化物也是分层的2D材料,并且可以被并入范德华(vdW)耦合异质结构中,从而打开了利用TI用于电自旋注入到其他2D材料中的可能性。在这里,我们证明了螺旋自旋极化电流注入石墨烯通过3D TI在Bi 2 Te 2Se(TI)和化学气相沉积(CVD)生长的石墨烯之间的机械堆叠的异质结构,使用自旋电位测量。当直流电流从TI流向石墨烯时,我们使用铁磁(FM)探针在TI和石墨烯中检测到显著的阶跃式电压变化(自旋信号)。自旋信号的符号可以通过反转直流偏置电流的方向来反转,并且自旋信号的相应幅度随着偏置电流线性增加,指示TI和石墨烯两者中的电流诱导的螺旋自旋极化。相比之下,当使用FM电极注入自旋时,石墨烯本身表现出通常的非局域自旋阀信号。我们讨论了可能的起源的螺旋自旋极化注入到我们的TI/石墨烯异质结构,可能包括TSS以及自旋轨道耦合Rashba状态的石墨烯。我们的研究结果表明,通过TI的自旋螺旋电流到石墨烯的电注入,并证明TI作为潜在的自旋源,为未来的自旋电子器件,其中自旋操纵实现电。
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has been widely adopted as the most scalable method to obtain single layer graphene. Incorporating CVD graphene in planar devices can be performed via well established wet transfer methods or thermal adhesive release. Nevertheless, for applications involving 3D shapes, methods adopted for planar surface provide only a crude solution if a continuous, tear-free, wrinkle-free graphene layer is required. In this work, we present the fabrication and characterization of PDMS-supported 3D graphene probes. To accommodate 3D geometries, we perform CVD on catalysts posses…
Electric and thermoelectric properties of strictly monolayer MoS$_2$ films, which are grown using a novel micro-cavity based CVD growth technique, have been studied under diverse environmental and annealing conditions. Resistance of a thermoelectric device that is fabricated on a continuous monolayer MoS$_2$ layer using photolithography technique has been found to reduce by about six orders of magnitudes upon annealing in vacuum at 525 K. Seebeck coefficient of the layer also reduces by almost an order of magnitude upon annealing. When the sample is exposed to oxygen atmosphere, these paramete…
The current research in graphene spintronics strives for achieving a long spin lifetime, and efficient spin injection and detection in graphene. In this article, we review how hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has evolved as a crucial substrate, as an encapsulation layer, and as a tunnel barrier for manipulation and control of spin lifetimes and spin injection/detection polarizations in graphene spin valve devices. First, we give an overview of the challenges due to conventional SiO$_2$ substrate for spin transport in graphene followed by the progress made in hBN based graphene heterostructures. T…
The ability to engineer new states of matter and to control their electronic and spintronic properties by electric fields is at the heart of the modern information technology and driving force behind recent advances in van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures of two-dimensional materials. Here, we exploit a proximity-induced Rashba-Edelstein (REE) effect in vdW heterostructures of Weyl semimetal candidate MoTe2 and CVD graphene, where an unprecedented gate-controlled switching of spin-galvanic effect emerges due to an efficient spin-to-charge conversion at room temperature. The magnitude of the me…
The incidence of intra-flake heterogeneity of spectroscopic and electrical properties in chemical vapour deposited (CVD) WS2 flakes is explored in a multi-physics investigation, via spatially resolved spectroscopic maps correlated with electrical, electronic and mechanical properties. The investigation demonstrates that the three-fold symmetric segregation of spectroscopic response (photoluminescence and Raman (spectral and intensity)), in topographically uniform WS2 flakes are accompanied by commensurate segmentation of electronic properties e.g. local carrier density and the differences in t…
Lithium-intercalated layered transition-metal oxides, LixTMO2, brought about a paradigm change in rechargeable batteries in recent decades and show promise for use in memristors, a type of device for future neural computing and on-chip storage. Thermal transport properties, although being a crucial element in limiting the charging/discharging rate, package density, energy efficiency, and safety of batteries as well as the controllability and energy consumption of memristors, are poorly managed or even understood yet. Here, for the first time, we employ quantum calculations including high-order…