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arXiv 2207.01432astro-ph.HE
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超级气泡能加速超高能质子吗?

Can superbubbles accelerate ultra-high energy protons?

Thibault Vieu, Brian Reville, Felix Aharonian

摘要:

我们批判性地评估质子的最大能量在大质量星团周围的超级气泡内加速的限制,考虑了一些不同的情况。特别是,我们推导出在何种情况下加速质子以上的电子伏特(PeV)的能量可以预期。虽然超泡的外部前向激波可以解释粒子加速到100 TeV,但内部的初级激波,如超新星遗迹在低密度介质中膨胀,或在年轻的致密星系团周围形成的集体风终止激波,提供了更有利的通道,将质子加速到1 PeV,甚至更高。在合理的条件下,聚集的超新星向年轻紧凑的大质量星团的磁化风发射强大的冲击波,被认为是最有希望将质子加速到10 PeV以上的系统。另一方面,在强湍流等离子体中的随机再加速被发现比以前的作品中所声称的要有效得多,最大质子能量至多为几百TeV。

英文摘要:

We critically assess limits on the maximum energy of protons accelerated within superbubbles around massive stellar clusters, considering a number of different scenarios. In particular, we derive under which circumstances acceleration of protons above peta-electronvolt (PeV) energies can be expected. While the external forward shock of the superbubble may account for acceleration of particles up to 100 TeV, internal primary shocks such as supernova remnants expanding in the low density medium or the collective wind termination shock which forms around a young compact cluster provide more favourable channels to accelerate protons up to 1 PeV, and possibly beyond. Under reasonable conditions, clustered supernovae launching powerful shocks into the magnetised wind of a young and compact massive star cluster are found to be the most promising systems to accelerate protons above 10 PeV. On the other hand, stochastic re-acceleration in the strongly turbulent plasma is found to be much less effective than claimed in previous works, with a maximum proton energy of at most a few hundred TeV.

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