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arXiv 2206.08115cond-mat.stat-mech
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活性布朗粒子的最概然路径

Most probable path of an active Brownian particle

Kento Yasuda, Kenta Ishimoto

AI总结:

本研究利用Onsager–Machlup积分与变分原理推导二维平面上活性布朗粒子两态间最概然路径的极值条件,通过单摆类比分析解的非唯一性与全局最优路径,发现随跃迁时间增加路径呈I形到U形再到ℓ形的转变,并经Langevin模拟验证,为活性物质稀有事件路径评估提供方法。

摘要:

本研究探究了自由活性布朗粒子(active Brownian particle, ABP)在二维平面上两个给定状态之间的跃迁路径。我们利用Onsager–Machlup积分及其变分原理,推导了连接两个状态的最概然路径的极值条件。我们给出了这些极值条件的显式解,并通过与单摆方程的类比证明了解的非唯一性,表明可能存在多条路径。我们还借助单摆类比,通过显式计算多个解的路径概率,刻画了全局最概然路径的形状。作为典型示例,我们全面研究了ABP向前平移的过程。有趣的是,数值与理论分析表明,随着跃迁过程时间增加,最概然路径的形状会从I形变为U形,再变为$\boldsymbol{\u2113}$形。Langevin模拟也证实了这一形状转变。我们还讨论了该方法在评估活性物质稀有事件跃迁路径方面的进一步应用。

英文摘要:

In this study, we investigate the transition path of a free active Brownian particle (ABP) on a two-dimensional plane between two given states. The extremum conditions for the most probable path connecting the two states are derived using the Onsager--Machlup integral and its variational principle. We provide explicit solutions to these extremum conditions and demonstrate their nonuniqueness through an analogy with the pendulum equation indicating possible multiple paths. The pendulum analogy is also employed to characterize the shape of the globally most probable path obtained by explicitly calculating the path probability for multiple solutions. We comprehensively examine a translation process of an ABP to the front as a prototypical example. Interestingly, the numerical and theoretical analyses reveal that the shape of the most probable path changes from an I to a U shape and to the $\ell$ shape with an increase in the transition process time. The Langevin simulation also confirms this shape transition. We also discuss further method applications for evaluating a transition path in rare events in active matter.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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