远程软件组织中非功能需求的共享理解案例研究
A Case Study of Building Shared Understanding of Non-Functional Requirements in a Remote Software Organization
摘要：
建立对非功能性需求（NFR）的共同理解是需求工程中一个已知但未充分研究的挑战，特别是在采用连续软件工程（CSE）实践的组织中。在2019冠状病毒病疫情高峰期，许多CSE组织因实施健康限制而遵守远程工作;一些组织在实施业务流程时继续远程工作，以促进团队沟通和生产力。在远程CSE组织中，由于团队沟通的限制以及快速交付产品的激励，管理NFR变得更具挑战性。虽然以前的研究已经确定了导致CSE中缺乏对NFR的共同理解的因素，但我们在理解CSE组织（特别是远程工作）如何在其软件开发中建立对NFR的共同理解方面仍然存在重大差距。我们进行了为期三个月的民族志知情的远程CSE组织的案例研究。通过对访谈和观察中的定性数据进行专题分析，我们确定了一些对NFR形成共同理解的做法。该组织用于远程交互的协作工作空间是Gather，它模拟物理交互，我们的研究结果表明，它允许非正式的沟通，有助于建立共同的理解。作为可操作的见解，我们根据主动实践讨论了我们的发现，这些实践代表了软件组织在其开发中投资建立对NFR的共同理解的机会。
英文摘要：
Building a shared understanding of non-functional requirements (NFRs) is a known but understudied challenge in requirements engineering, especially in organizations that adopt continuous software engineering (CSE) practices. During the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, many CSE organizations complied with working remotely due to the imposed health restrictions; some continued to work remotely while implementing business processes to facilitate team communication and productivity. In remote CSE organizations, managing NFRs becomes more challenging due to the limitations to team communication coupled with the incentive to deliver products quickly. While previous research has identified the factors that lead to a lack of shared understanding of NFRs in CSE, we still have a significant gap in understanding how CSE organizations, particularly in remote work, build a shared understanding of NFRs in their software development. We conduct a three-month ethnography-informed case study of a remote CSE organization. Through thematic analysis of our qualitative data from interviews and observations, we identify a number of practices in developing a shared understanding of NFRs. The collaborative workspace the organization uses for remote interaction is Gather, which simulates physical workspaces, and which our findings suggest allows for informal communications instrumental for building shared understanding. As actionable insights, we discuss our findings in light of proactive practices that represent opportunities for software organizations to invest in building a shared understanding of NFRs in their development.
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