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arXiv 2205.03232astro-ph.HE
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Neil Gehrels Swift天文台在X射线中观测到的周期性新星RS Ophiuchi的2021年爆发:比较研究

The 2021 outburst of the recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi observed in X-rays by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory: a comparative study

K. L. Page, A. P. Beardmore, J. P. Osborne, U. Munari, J. -U. Ness, P. A. Evans, M. F. Bode, M. J. Darnley, J. J. Drake, N. P. M. Kuin, T. J. O'Brien, M. Orio, … 展开作者

K. L. Page, A. P. Beardmore, J. P. Osborne, U. Munari, J. -U. Ness, P. A. Evans, M. F. Bode, M. J. Darnley, J. J. Drake, N. P. M. Kuin, T. J. O'Brien, M. Orio, S. N. Shore, S. Starrfield, C. E. Woodward

摘要:

2021年8月8日,周期性新星蛇夫座RS在间隔15.5年后再次爆发。尼尔·盖尔斯·斯威夫特天文台于8月9.9日(光学峰值后0.37天)立即开始定期监测,并持续到11月初,即86天后,该源通过太阳后面。观测在第197天重新开始,因为RS Oph脱离了太阳的束缚。这使得RS Oph成为第一颗在两次爆发中被斯威夫特监测到的银河系复发新星。在这里,我们调查了2006年和2021年的大量X射线数据集,以及EXOSAT在1985年收集的更有限的数据。由新星喷出物和红巨星风之间的激波相互作用产生的硬X射线在最近两次爆发之后是相似的。相比之下,2021年的早期超软源(SSS)比2006年的变化更小,也更暗。然而,0.3-1 keV光变曲线从2021年揭示了35秒准周期振荡的频率与2006年的数据一致。2021年的雨燕X射线光谱没有什么特征,软发射通常被简单的黑体很好地参数化,而2006年的光谱显示出叠加电离吸收边的更强证据。考虑到每次爆发后60天的数据,在超软阶段,2021年的光谱更热,有效半径更小,风吸收更低,导致热光度明显降低。我们探讨了可能的解释之间的2006年和2021年爆发观察到的SSS行为的总差异。

英文摘要:

On 2021 August 8, the recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi erupted again, after an interval of 15.5 yr. Regular monitoring by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory began promptly, on August 9.9 (0.37 day after the optical peak), and continued until the source passed behind the Sun at the start of November, 86 days later. Observations then restarted on day 197, once RS Oph emerged from the Sun constraint. This makes RS Oph the first Galactic recurrent nova to have been monitored by Swift throughout two eruptions. Here we investigate the extensive X-ray datasets from 2006 and 2021, as well as the more limited data collected by EXOSAT in 1985. The hard X-rays arising from shock interactions between the nova ejecta and red giant wind are similar following the last two eruptions. In contrast, the early super-soft source (SSS) in 2021 was both less variable and significantly fainter than in 2006. However, 0.3-1 keV light-curves from 2021 reveal a 35 s quasi-periodic oscillation consistent in frequency with the 2006 data. The Swift X-ray spectra from 2021 are featureless, with the soft emission typically being well parametrized by a simple blackbody, while the 2006 spectra showed much stronger evidence for superimposed ionized absorption edges. Considering the data after day 60 following each eruption, during the supersoft phase the 2021 spectra are hotter, with smaller effective radii and lower wind absorption, leading to an apparently reduced bolometric luminosity. We explore possible explanations for the gross differences in observed SSS behaviour between the 2006 and 2021 outbursts.

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