使用技术债务感知管理的TAP框架防止技术债务
Preventing technical debt with the TAP framework for Technical Debt Aware Management
摘要：
上下文技术债务（TD）是一个比喻，指用户和客户看不到的技术问题，但会阻碍开发人员的工作，使未来的更改更加困难。TD通常是由于项目的最后期限紧迫而产生的，并且可能使未来的更改成本更高或不可能。项目管理通常关注客户利益，而不太关注IT系统的内部质量。TD预防应优先于TD偿还，因为随后的重构和重新设计是昂贵的。Objective.本文评估了一个框架，侧重于TD预防和TD偿还的背景下，敏捷管理的项目。该框架的开发和应用在一个出版社的IT部门。该框架的独特贡献是将TD管理纳入项目管理。法评价是作为一个比较案例研究的基础上门票统计和两个结构化的调查。调查是在使用框架的观察IT单位和不使用框架的比较单位进行的。第一项调查针对的是团队成员，第二项调查针对的是IT经理。结果评价表明，在该信息技术单位，技术咨询方案框架提高了对贸易发展问题的认识。产生TD的决定是有意的，TD的偿还更及时。由无意识的决定引起的无意TD被防止。此外，还可以看到更好的沟通和更好的项目管道规划。结论.我们提供了一个深入了解从业者的方式来识别，监测，预防和偿还TD。所提出的框架包括一个可行的方法，防止TD尽管紧迫的时间表，使TD偿还项目管理的一部分。
英文摘要：
Context. Technical Debt (TD) is a metaphor for technical problems that are not visible to users and customers but hinder developers in their work, making future changes more difficult. TD is often incurred due to tight project deadlines and can make future changes more costly or impossible. Project Management usually focuses on customer benefits and pays less attention to their IT systems' internal quality. TD prevention should be preferred over TD repayment because subsequent refactoring and re-engineering are expensive. Objective. This paper evaluates a framework focusing on both TD prevention and TD repayment in the context of agile-managed projects. The framework was developed and applied in an IT unit of a publishing house. The unique contribution of this framework is the integration of TD management into project management. Method. The evaluation was performed as a comparative case study based on ticket statistics and two structured surveys. The surveys were conducted in the observed IT unit using the framework and a comparison unit not using the framework. The first survey targeted team members, the second one IT managers. Results. The evaluation shows that in this IT unit, the TAP framework led to a raised awareness for the incurrence of TD. Decisions to incur TD are intentional, and TD is repaid timelier. Unintentional TD incurred by unconscious decisions is prevented. Furthermore, better communication and better planning of the project pipeline can be observed. Conclusions. We provide an insight into practitioners' ways to identify, monitor, prevent and repay TD. The presented framework includes a feasible method for TD prevention despite tight timelines by making TD repayment part of project management.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
