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arXiv 2204.09237astro-ph.CO
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标量诱导引力波中原初曲率扰动的测量

Measuring the primordial curvature perturbations from the scalar induced gravitational waves

Jun Li, Guang-Hai Guo

摘要:

标量诱导引力波是由二阶微扰的原始曲率微扰产生的。我们从引力波观测中约束标量诱导引力波的分数能量密度。如果没有观测到标量诱导引力波,则标量诱导引力波的分数能量密度受到一定上限的限制。根据这些上限,我们可以得到对原始曲率扰动功率谱的约束。对于幂律标量功率谱,增加平方公里阵(SKA)标量诱导引力波的上限会影响功率谱的约束。在标准模型中,当SKA加入到由宇宙微波背景(CMB)和重子声学振荡(BAO)组成的组合数据集$\ln(10^{10}A_s)=3.038\pm0.013$和$n_s=0.9589^{+0.0021}_{-0.0011}$中时,在$68\%$置信水平下,标量振幅和谱指数的平均值向低值移动。我们还考虑了现有的地基引力波探测器、脉冲星定时阵列(PTAs)和500米口径球面射电望远镜(FAST)的影响,而CMB+BAO数据集的约束完全在它们的标量诱导引力波上限之内。此外,我们用谱指数$n_s$及其前两阶导数来刻画标量涨落谱。从理论上计算了标量诱导引力波的功率谱,给出了谱指数运行的约束条件和谱指数运行的约束条件。

英文摘要:

The scalar induced gravitational waves are produced from primordial curvature perturbations in the second order of perturbations. We constrain the fractional energy density of scalar induced gravitational waves from gravitational waves observations. If there is no detection of the scalar induced gravitational waves, the fractional energy density of scalar induced gravitational waves is constrained by some upper limits. Depends on these upper limits, we can obtain the constraints on the power spectrum of the primordial curvature perturbations. For a power-law scalar power spectrum, the constraints on the power spectrum are affected by adding the upper limit of scalar induced gravitational waves from Square Kilometer Array (SKA). In the standard model, the mean values of the scalar amplitude and the spectral index shift to lower values when SKA is added to the combination of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) datasets, namely $\ln(10^{10}A_s)=3.038\pm0.013$ and $n_s=0.9589^{+0.0021}_{-0.0011}$ at $68\%$ confidence level. We also consider the effects of the existing ground-based gravitational-wave detectors, the existing Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) and Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), while the constraints from CMB+BAO datasets are totally within their upper limits of scalar induced gravitational waves. Furthermore, we characterize the scalar fluctuation spectrum in terms of the spectral index $n_s$ and its first two derivatives. We calculate corresponding power spectrum of scalar induced gravitational waves theoretically and give the constraints on the running of the spectral index and the running of the running of the spectral index.

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