基于最优Kron的电网网络约简（Opti-KRON）
Towards Optimal Kron-based Reduction Of Networks (Opti-KRON) for the Electric Power Grid
摘要：
对于快速时间尺度或长预测范围，交流最优潮流（OPF）问题成为大规模，现实的交流网络的计算挑战。为了克服这一挑战，本文提出了一种新的网络简化方法，该方法利用了一种有效的混合整数线性规划（MILP）公式，该公式基于克朗的简化在某种意义上是最优的，它平衡了简化网络中的建模误差与简化程度。该方法将完整的AC网络和预先计算的AC潮流数据库作为输入，并使用图拉普拉斯算子来约束节点约简仅对非约简节点的邻居可行。这导致在一个非常有效的MILP公式，它是嵌入在一个迭代方案，以连续改善克朗基网络减少，直到收敛。由此产生的最佳网络简化是基于整个网络的物理特性。网络简化方法的准确性，然后探讨了一个100+节点的中压径向配电馈线的例子在广泛的操作条件。最后表明，网络减少25-85%，可以在几秒钟内实现，最坏情况下的电压幅度偏差误差小于0.01 pu的任何超级节点集群。这些结果表明，提出的基于优化的方法来减少网络的Kron是可行的较大的网络，并适用于各种电力系统的应用。
英文摘要：
For fast timescales or long prediction horizons, the AC optimal power flow (OPF) problem becomes a computational challenge for large-scale, realistic AC networks. To overcome this challenge, this paper presents a novel network reduction methodology that leverages an efficient mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation of a Kron-based reduction that is optimal in the sense that it balances the degree of the reduction with resulting modeling errors in the reduced network. The method takes as inputs the full AC network and a pre-computed library of AC load flow data and uses the graph Laplacian to constraint nodal reductions to only be feasible for neighbors of non-reduced nodes. This results in a highly effective MILP formulation which is embedded within an iterative scheme to successively improve the Kron-based network reduction until convergence. The resulting optimal network reduction is, thus, grounded in the physics of the full network. The accuracy of the network reduction methodology is then explored for a 100+ node medium-voltage radial distribution feeder example across a wide range of operating conditions. It is finally shown that a network reduction of 25-85% can be achieved within seconds and with worst-case voltage magnitude deviation errors within any super node cluster of less than 0.01pu. These results illustrate that the proposed optimization-based approach to Kron reduction of networks is viable for larger networks and suitable for use within various power system applications.
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