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arXiv 2203.12656quant-ph
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多量子比特增强相位估计的相关谱

Correlation spectroscopy with multi-qubit-enhanced phase estimation

H. Hainzer, D. Kiesenhofer, T. Ollikainen, M. Bock, F. Kranzl, M. K. Joshi, G. Yoeli, R. Blatt, T. Gefen, C. F. Roos

摘要:

拉姆齐干涉测量法是一种广泛使用的工具,用于精确测量量子系统的两个能级之间的跃迁频率,其应用于计时、精密光谱学、量子光学和量子信息。通常,量子系统的相干时间超过探测系统的振荡器的相干时间,从而限制了询问时间和相关的光谱分辨率。相关光谱学通过探测具有相同噪声振荡器的两个量子系统来测量它们的跃迁频率差,从而克服了这一限制;这种技术使得原子钟能够进行非常精确的比较。在这里,我们扩展相关光谱的情况下,多个量子系统进行强相关退相。我们模型的拉姆齐相关光谱与$N$粒子作为一个多参数的相位估计问题,并表明,多粒子量子关联可以帮助减少测量的不确定性,即使在没有纠缠。我们推导出这个问题的精度限制和最佳的传感技术,并比较探测状态和测量与无纠缠的性能。使用一维和二维离子库仑晶体高达91量子比特,我们实验证明了测量多粒子量子相关性的优势,以减少相位的不确定性,并应用相关光谱测量离子-离子距离,跃迁频移,激光-离子失谐,和路径长度波动。我们的方法可以直接在具有全局相干量子位控制和量子位分辨单次读出的实验装置中实现,因此适用于其他物理系统,例如镊子阵列中的中性原子。

英文摘要:

Ramsey interferometry is a widely used tool for precisely measuring transition frequencies between two energy levels of a quantum system, with applications in time-keeping, precision spectroscopy, quantum optics, and quantum information. Often, the coherence time of the quantum system surpasses the one of the oscillator probing the system, thereby limiting the interrogation time and associated spectral resolution. Correlation spectroscopy overcomes this limitation by probing two quantum systems with the same noisy oscillator for a measurement of their transition frequency difference; this technique has enabled very precise comparisons of atomic clocks. Here, we extend correlation spectroscopy to the case of multiple quantum systems undergoing strong correlated dephasing. We model Ramsey correlation spectroscopy with $N$ particles as a multi-parameter phase estimation problem and demonstrate that multiparticle quantum correlations can assist in reducing the measurement uncertainties even in the absence of entanglement. We derive precision limits and optimal sensing techniques for this problem and compare the performance of probe states and measurement with and without entanglement. Using one- and two-dimensional ion Coulomb crystals with up to 91 qubits, we experimentally demonstrate the advantage of measuring multi-particle quantum correlations for reducing phase uncertainties, and apply correlation spectroscopy to measure ion-ion distances, transition frequency shifts, laser-ion detunings, and path-length fluctuations. Our method can be straightforwardly implemented in experimental setups with globally-coherent qubit control and qubit-resolved single-shot read-out and is thus applicable to other physical systems such as neutral atoms in tweezer arrays.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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