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arXiv 2203.11229astro-ph.EP
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基于光谱和反照率聚类分析的小行星分类

Asteroid Taxonomy from Cluster Analysis of Spectrometry and Albedo

Max Mahlke, Benoit Carry, Pierre-Alexandre Mattei

摘要:

在过去的40年里,基于可观测数据的太阳系小天体分类不断发展和迭代。虽然之前的迭代要么遵循大型观测活动的可用性,要么遵循打开新观测维度的新工具能力,但我们看到了主要改进现有方法的机会。我们开发了一个迭代的小行星分类法,允许分类的部分和完整的观测(即可见光,近红外,可见光-近红外光谱),并重新引入了视觉观测到的分类观测。由此产生的类分配的概率,使分类的不确定性被量化。我们基于对2125颗小行星的2983次观测建立了分类法,与以前的分类法相比,样本量增加了近10倍。的小行星类确定在一个较低的维表示的意见,使用混合的共同因素分析模型。我们确定了17个类别,分为三个复合体C,M和S,包括主带中极红天体的新Z类。视觉的光谱信息解决了X-复合物的光谱简并,并建立了P-类作为C-复合物的一部分。我们提出了一个分类工具,计算概率类分配在这个分类方案从小行星观测。对4526颗小行星的6038个观测数据进行了分类。对部分观测数据进行分类的能力和重新采用目视分类法提供了一种分类法,非常适合于目前和今后的小行星观测数据集,特别是盖亚、MITHNEOS、近地天体测量者和SPHEREx测量所提供的数据集。

英文摘要:

The classification of the minor bodies of the Solar System based on observables has been continuously developed and iterated over the past 40 years. While prior iterations followed either the availability of large observational campaigns or new instrumental capabilities opening new observational dimensions, we see the opportunity to improve primarily upon the established methodology. We developed an iteration of the asteroid taxonomy which allows the classification of partial and complete observations (i.e. visible, near-infrared, and visible-near-infrared spectrometry) and which reintroduces the visual albedo into the classification observables. The resulting class assignments are given probabilistically, enabling the uncertainty of a classification to be quantified. We built the taxonomy based on 2983 observations of 2125 individual asteroids, representing an almost tenfold increase of sample size compared with the previous taxonomy. The asteroid classes are identified in a lower-dimensional representation of the observations using a mixture of common factor analysers model. We identify 17 classes split into the three complexes C, M, and S, including the new Z-class for extremely-red objects in the main belt. The visual albedo information resolves the spectral degeneracy of the X-complex and establishes the P-class as part of the C-complex. We present a classification tool which computes probabilistic class assignments within this taxonomic scheme from asteroid observations. The taxonomic classifications of 6038 observations of 4526 individual asteroids are published. The ability to classify partial observations and the reintroduction of the visual albedo provide a taxonomy which is well suited for the current and future datasets of asteroid observations, in particular provided by the Gaia, MITHNEOS, NEO Surveyor, and SPHEREx surveys.

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