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arXiv 1111.3292astro-ph.EP
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小行星上冰的极限(24)Themis和(65)Cybele

Limits to Ice on Asteroids (24) Themis and (65) Cybele

D. Jewitt, A. Guilbert-Lepoutre

摘要:

我们目前的光谱(24)忒弥斯和(65)Cybele,两个大的主带小行星上暴露的水冰最近已被报道。没有检测到预期从冰升华的气体中的共振荧光的发射谱线。假设彗星的H2O/CN比,每个天体的水产生速率的推导极限为<400 kg/s(5 σ)。我们排除了模型中,大部分的表面是由高冰(“淡水”)水冰,因为测量的忒弥斯和西贝尔的冰是低(0.05 - 0.07)。我们还排除了大部分表面被低沸点("脏")水冰占据的模型,因为脏冰会很温暖,并且会强烈升华,足以检测到气态产物。如果冰存在于这些天体上,它必须相对干净(冰度> 0.3),并局限于面向地球的表面的一小部分<10%。通过与撞击小行星(596)Scheila类比,我们提出了一个撞击挖掘方案,其中10米规模的弹丸暴露了埋藏的冰。如果冰的反射率更高(反射系数> 0.6),那么光学厚层升华的时间尺度可以与这种大小的物体撞击之间的10^3年间隔相媲美。从这个意义上说,撞击暴露可能是3天文单位的含冰小行星的准稳态特征。

英文摘要:

We present optical spectra of (24) Themis and (65) Cybele, two large main-belt asteroids on which exposed water ice has recently been reported. No emission lines, expected from resonance fluorescence in gas sublimated from the ice, were detected. Derived limits to the production rates of water are < 400 kg/s (5σ), for each object, assuming a cometary H2O/CN ratio. We rule out models in which a large fraction of the surface is occupied by high albedo ("fresh") water ice because the measured albedos of Themis and Cybele are low (0.05 - 0.07). We also rule out models in which a large fraction of the surface is occupied by low albedo ("dirty") water ice because dirty ice would be warm, and would sublimate strongly enough for gaseous products to have been detected. If ice exists on these bodies it must be relatively clean (albedo >0.3) and confined to a fraction of the Earth-facing surface <10%. By analogy with impacted asteroid (596) Scheila, we propose an impact excavation scenario, in which 10 m scale projectiles have exposed buried ice. If the ice is even more reflective (albedo >0.6) then the timescale for sublimation of an optically thick layer can rival the 10^3 yr interval between impacts with bodies this size. In this sense, exposure by impact may be a quasi steady-state feature of ice-containing asteroids at 3 AU.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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