arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2203.09207eess.IVcs.CV
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模拟驱动的Vision Transformers训练实现X射线图像中的金属分割

Simulation-Driven Training of Vision Transformers Enabling Metal Segmentation in X-Ray Images

Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(埃尔朗根-纽伦堡弗里德里希-亚历山大大学);Siemens Healthcare GmbH(西门子医疗有限公司)

Fuxin Fan, Ludwig Ritschl, Marcel Beister, Ramyar Biniazan, Björn Kreher, Tristan M. Gottschalk, Steffen Kappler, Andreas Maier

摘要:

在X射线摄影的几个图像采集和处理步骤中,了解金属植入物的存在及其确切位置非常有益(例如剂量调节、图像对比度调整)。将受益于准确的金属分割的另一应用是基于2D X射线投影的锥形束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)。由于金属的高衰减,在3D X射线采集中会出现严重的伪影。CBCT投影中的金属分割通常是避免和减少金属伪影算法的先决条件。由于生成高质量的临床训练是一个持续的挑战,本研究提出了基于CT数据集结合自行设计的计算机辅助设计(CAD)植入物生成模拟X射线图像,并利用卷积神经网络(CNN)和Vision Transformer(ViT)进行金属分割。模型测试进行准确标记的X射线测试数据集从标本扫描。基于CNN编码器的网络(如U-Net)在尸体测试数据上的性能有限,平均骰子得分低于0.30,而具有双解码器的金属分割Transformer(MST-DD)在分割任务上显示出高鲁棒性和泛化性,平均骰子得分为0.90。我们的研究表明,基于CAD模型的数据生成具有很高的灵活性,可以克服临床数据采样和标记不足的问题。此外,MST-DD方法在对模拟数据进行训练的情况下生成更可靠的神经网络。

英文摘要:

In several image acquisition and processing steps of X-ray radiography, knowledge of the existence of metal implants and their exact position is highly beneficial (e.g. dose regulation, image contrast adjustment). Another application which would benefit from an accurate metal segmentation is cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) which is based on 2D X-ray projections. Due to the high attenuation of metals, severe artifacts occur in the 3D X-ray acquisitions. The metal segmentation in CBCT projections usually serves as a prerequisite for metal artifact avoidance and reduction algorithms. Since the generation of high quality clinical training is a constant challenge, this study proposes to generate simulated X-ray images based on CT data sets combined with self-designed computer aided design (CAD) implants and make use of convolutional neural network (CNN) and vision transformer (ViT) for metal segmentation. Model test is performed on accurately labeled X-ray test datasets obtained from specimen scans. The CNN encoder-based network like U-Net has limited performance on cadaver test data with an average dice score below 0.30, while the metal segmentation transformer with dual decoder (MST-DD) shows high robustness and generalization on the segmentation task, with an average dice score of 0.90. Our study indicates that the CAD model-based data generation has high flexibility and could be a way to overcome the problem of shortage in clinical data sampling and labelling. Furthermore, the MST-DD approach generates a more reliable neural network in case of training on simulated data.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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