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arXiv 2203.07044gr-qchep-th
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聚合物量子宇宙学的图景

The landscape of polymer quantum cosmology

Lautaro Amadei, Alejandro Perez, Salvatore Ribisi

AI总结:

本研究探讨圈量子宇宙学的量子化歧义空间,揭示其独立于歧义的普适动力学特征,包括大爆炸的明确定义动力学、隧穿解及宇宙分支叠加,为量子引力的概念问题提供研究平台。

摘要:

我们证明,圈量子宇宙学(loop quantum cosmology)的量子化歧义若从更广泛的一般性角度考量,可产生可控的动力学行为。这类歧义构成一个无穷维空间,与微扰量子引力中无穷多高阶曲率修正项的列表相对应。不过,存在一系列具有普适性的定性结果,其特性独立于这些歧义。其中包括:大爆炸全程存在明确定义的基本动力学,以及可能与量子引力幺正性讨论相关的额外微观量子自由度的存在。我们表明(除有效方程的已知反弹解外),在物质 sector 初始条件足够平缓时,还存在另一类普适解(隧穿解),其标度因子会经过零点且时空取向发生反转。我们还证明,收缩的半经典宇宙通常会在大爆炸处分支为具有不同量子数的宇宙的量子叠加态。尽管这些模型缺乏定量预测能力,但它们为讨论量子引力中的定性与概念性问题提供了丰富的研究平台。

英文摘要:

We show that the quantization ambiguities of loop quantum cosmology, when considered in wider generality, can be used to produce discretionary dynamical behavior. There is an infinite dimensional space of ambiguities which parallels the infinite list of higher curvature corrections in perturbative quantum gravity. There is however an ensemble of qualitative consequences which are generic in the sense that they are independent of these ambiguities. Among these, one has well defined fundamental dynamics across the big bang, and the existence of extra microscopic quantum degrees of freedom that might be relevant in discussions about unitarity in quantum gravity. We show that (in addition to the well known bouncing solutions of the effective equations) there are other generic type of solutions for sufficiently soft initial conditions in the matter sector (tunneling solutions) where the scale factor goes through zero and the spacetime orientation is inverted. We also show that generically, a contracting semiclassical universe branches off at the big bang into a quantum superposition of universes with different quantum numbers. Despite their lack of quantitative predictive power these models offer a fertile playground for the discussion of qualitative and conceptual issues in quantum gravity.

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