社交网络与空间流动性：来自印度Facebook的证据
Social Networks and Spatial Mobility: Evidence from Facebook in India
AI总结：
该研究利用印度Facebook数据，分析社交网络对印度空间流动性的影响，发现提升跨空间社交连接度可降低迁移成本、带来可观经济收益。
摘要：
本文研究印度境内社交网络在空间流动性中发挥的作用。利用全球最大在线社交网络的聚合且去标识化的数据，我们开展了三项工作：（i）记录印度社交网络结构与空间流动性的新描述性发现；（ii）量化社交网络对年度迁移选择的影响；（iii）将这些估计值嵌入空间均衡模型，以研究提升社交连接度的工资影响。针对数百万个体，我们发现多项社会资本指标集中于富人、受教育群体及 migrants（迁移者）；针对目的地，流动模式与社交网络均集中于更富裕地区。迁移模型表明，个体对目的地工资提升10%与目的地社交网络提升12%-16%的偏好无差异；考虑网络因素后，迁移-距离关系会降低19%。在均衡状态下，均衡各地社交网络可使平均工资提升3%（底层工资四分位群体提升24%），该影响大于消除距离边际成本的效果。我们发现经济支持机制的证据：目的地经济改善会降低迁移-网络弹性；还从Facebook用户定性调查中发现情感支持机制的暗示性证据。双重差分估计显示，上大学可使网络规模与多样性提升20%。综上，我们的数据表明，通过降低有效迁移成本，提升跨空间社交连接度或可带来可观的经济收益。
英文摘要：
This paper studies the role of social networks in spatial mobility across India. Using aggregated and de-identified data from the world's largest online social network, we (i) document new descriptive findings on the structure of social networks and spatial mobility in India; (ii) quantify the effects of social networks on annual migration choice; and (iii) embed these estimates in a spatial equilibrium model to study the wage implications of increasing social connectedness. Across millions of individuals, we find that multiple measures of social capital are concentrated among the rich and educated and among migrants. Across destinations, both mobility patterns and social networks are concentrated toward richer areas. A model of migration suggests individuals are indifferent between a 10% increase in destination wages and a 12-16% increase in destination social networks. Accounting for networks reduces the migration-distance relationship by 19%. In equilibrium, equalizing social networks across locations improves average wages by 3% (24% for the bottom wage-quartile), a larger impact than removing the marginal cost of distance. We find evidence of an economic support mechanism, with destination economic improvements reducing the migration-network elasticity. We also find suggestive evidence for an emotional support mechanism from qualitative surveys among Facebook users. Difference-in-difference estimates suggest college attendance delivers a 20% increase in network size and diversity. Taken together, our data suggest that - by reducing effective moving costs - increasing social connectedness across space may have considerable economic gains.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
