We apply the cross-correlation technique to infer the Hubble constant ($H_0$) of the Universe using gravitational wave (GW) sources without electromagnetic counterparts (dark sirens) from the third GW Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) and the photometric galaxy surveys 2MPZ and WISE-SuperCOSMOS, and combine these with the bright siren measurement of $H_0$ from GW170817. The posterior on $H_0$ with only dark sirens is uninformative due to the small number of well-localised GW sources. Using the eight well-localized dark sirens and the binary neutron star GW170817 with EM counterpart, we obtain a value of the Hubble constant $H_0= 75.4_{-6}^{+11}$ km/s/Mpc (median and 68.3$\%$ equal-tailed interval (ETI)) after marginalizing over the matter density and the GW bias parameters. This measurement is mostly driven by the bright siren measurement and any constraint from dark sirens is not statistically significant. In the future, with more well-localized GW events, the constraints on expansion history will improve.
We present the latest measurements of the Hubble parameter and of the parameter $Ξ_0$ describing modified gravitational wave propagation, obtained from the third gravitational wave transient catalog, GWTC-3, using the correlation with galaxy catalogs and information from the source-frame mass distribution of binary black holes. The latter leads to the tightest bound on $Ξ_0$ so far, i.e. $Ξ_0 = 1.2^{+0.7}_{-0.7}$ with a flat prior on $Ξ_0$, and $Ξ_0 = 1.0^{+0.4}_{-0.8}$ with a prior uniform in $\logΞ_0$ (Max posterior and $68\%$ HDI). The measurement of $H_0$ is dominated by the single bright …
Mind the peak: improving cosmological constraints from GWTC-4.0 spectral sirens using semiparametric mass models
Università di Bologna（博洛尼亚大学）；INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna（博洛尼亚天文物理与空间科学研究所）；INFN - Sezione di Bologna（博洛尼亚意大利国家核物理研究所）
We show that the gravitational waves measurements have raised the opportunity to measure $H_0$ with dark sirens to within 2$σ$, the accuracy required to resolve the \hubble tension. There are two principal reasons for our results: (1) upgrades to GW LIGO-Virgo transient catalogues GWTC-1 and GWTC-2 enhance their sensitive with only 10\% of contamination fraction, and (2) new dark sirens should help to constrain our dynamical EoS. In conjunction, sensitivity upgrades and a new dark energy model will facilitate an accurate inference of the \hubble constant $H_0$ to better with an $\pm 0.077$ err…
How do the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA's Heavy Black Holes Form? No evidence for core-collapse Intermediate-mass black holes in GWTC-4
Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院紫金山天文台暗物质与空间天文重点实验室）；Institute for Theoretical Physics and Cosmology, Zhejiang University of Technology（浙江工业大学理论物理与宇宙学研究所）；Department of Physics, Anhui Normal University（安徽师范大学物理系）
The study of current gravitational waves (GW) catalogues provide an interesting model independent way to understand further the nature of dark energy. In this work, we present an update of the constrains related to dynamical dark energy parametrisations using recent Gravitational-Wave Transient catalogues (GWTC-1 and GWTC-2) along with Type Ia supernova (SNeIa) and Cosmic Chronometers (CC) catalogues. According to our Bayesian results using the full SNeIa+CC+GW database, the $Λ$CDM model shows a strong preference against two dark energy parameterisation known as Barboza-Alcaniz (BA) and the Lo…
Implementing a Robust Test of Galaxy Catalogue Completeness for Dark Siren Measurements of the Hubble Constant
School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Glasgow（格拉斯哥大学物理与天文学院）；The Nicholas and Lee Begovich Center for Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy, California State University, Fullerton（加州州立大学富勒顿分校尼古拉斯和莉·贝戈维奇引力波物理与天文学中心）
Alternative theories of gravity predict modifications in the propagation of gravitational waves (GW) through space-time. One of the smoking-gun predictions of such theories is the change in the GW luminosity distance to GW sources as a function of redshift relative to the electromagnetic (EM) luminosity distance expected from EM probes. We propose a multi-messenger test of the theory of general relativity from the propagation of gravitational waves by combining EM and GW observations to resolve these issues from GW sources without EM counterparts (which are also referred to as dark standard si…
The localization and distance inference of gravitational waves are two crucial factors for dark sirens as precise probes of cosmology, astrophysics, and fundamental physics. In this Letter, for the first time we investigate the parameter estimation of gravitational waves emitted by the eccentric compact binaries in the mid-frequency (0.1--10 Hz) band. Based on the configuration of one cluster of DECIGO (B-DECIGO), we simulate five types of typical compact binaries in GWTC-3 with component mass ranging from $\mathcal{O}(1\sim100)~M_{\odot}$. For each type of binaries, we assign discrete eccentr…
Secondary-Mass Features improve Spectral-Siren $H_0$ Constraints
Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院紫金山天文台）；Institute for Theoretical Physics and Cosmology, Zhejiang University of Technology（浙江工业大学理论物理与宇宙学研究所）；School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学天文与空间科学学院）
We explore the use of the mass spectrum of neutron stars and black holes in gravitational-wave compact binary sources as a cosmological probe. These standard siren sources provide direct measurements of luminosity distance. In addition, features in the mass distribution, such as mass gaps or peaks, will redshift, and thus provide independent constraints on their redshift distribution. We argue that the entire mass spectrum should be utilized to provide cosmological constraints. For example, we find that the mass spectrum of LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA events introduces at least five independent mass ``…
We briefly discuss a possible cosmological implication of the observed binary black hole mergings detected by LIGO-Virgo-Kagra collaboration (GWTC-3 catalogue) for the primordial black hole (PBH) formation in the early Universe. We show that the bumpy chirp mass distribution of the LVK BH+BH binaries can be fit with two distinct and almost equal populations: (1) astrophysical mergings from BH+BH formed in the modern Universe from evolution of massive binaries and (2) mergings of binary PBHs with initial log-normal mass distribution. We find that the PBH central mass ($M_c\simeq 30 M_\odot$) an…
We present a detailed study of the methodology for correlating `dark sirens' (compact binaries coalescences without electromagnetic counterpart) with galaxy catalogs. We propose several improvements on the current state of the art, and we apply them to the GWTC-2 catalog of LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave (GW) detections, and the GLADE galaxy catalog, performing a detailed study of several sources of systematic errors that, with the expected increase in statistics, will eventually become the dominant limitation. We provide a measurement of $H_0$ from dark sirens alone, finding as the best result…
The use of gravitational wave standard sirens for cosmological analyses is becoming well known, with particular interest in measuring the Hubble constant, $H_0$, and in shedding light on the current tension between early- and late-time measurements. The current tension is over $4σ$ and standard sirens will be able to provide a completely independent measurement. Dark sirens (binary black hole or neutron star mergers with no electromagnetic counterparts) can be informative if the missing redshift information is provided through the use of galaxy catalogues to identify potential host galaxies of…
We construct the catalogues of standard sirens (StS) based on the future gravitational wave (GW) detector networks, i.e., the second-generation ground-based advanced LIGO+advanced Virgo+KAGRA+LIGO-India (HLVKI), the third-generation ground-based Einstein Telescope+two Cosmic Explorer (ET+2CE), and the space-based LISA+Taiji. From the corresponding electromagnetic (EM) counterpart detectors for each networks, we sample the joint GW+EM detections from the probability to construct the Hubble diagram of standard sirens for 10 years detections of HLVKI, 5 years detections of ET+2CE, and 5 years of …
Inferring cosmological parameters from galaxy and dark sirens cross-correlation
RWTH Aachen University（亚琛工业大学）；University of Torino（都灵大学）；Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino（意大利国家核物理研究所，都灵分部）；Paderborn University（帕德博恩大学）；Università di Pisa（比萨大学）；INFN, Sezione di Pisa（意大利国家核物理研究所，比萨分部）；Institute of Scientific Information, German Aerospace Center (DLR)（德国航空航天中心科学信息研究所）
Consistency between cosmological and standard siren observations in evolving dark energy
Institute of Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Universidad Andrés Bello（安第斯贝尔托大学天体物理研究所）；Department of Physics, University of Oxford（牛津大学物理系）
Calibrating spectral siren cosmology with synthetic catalogs of binary black hole mergers
INFN, Sezione di Roma（意大利国家核物理研究所罗马分部）；Gran Sasso Science Institute（格兰萨索科学研究所）；INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso（意大利国家核物理研究所格兰萨索国家实验室）；INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma（意大利国家天体物理研究所罗马天文台）
Gravitational-wave (GW) detectors can contribute to the measurement of cosmological parameters and to testing the dark-energy sector of alternatives to $Λ$CDM, by using standard sirens. In this paper we focus on binary neutron stars with a counterpart detected through a gamma-ray burst (GRB), both at a second-generation network made by advanced LIGO+advanced Virgo+LIGO India+Kagra, and at third-generation (3G) detectors, discussing in particular the cases of a single Einstein Telescope (ET), and of a network of ET plus two Cosmic Explorer (CE). We construct mock catalogs of standard sirens, us…
