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arXiv 2203.02783astro-ph.HEnucl-thquant-ph
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快集体中微子味振荡中的纠缠和关联

Entanglement and correlations in fast collective neutrino flavor oscillations

Alessandro Roggero, Ermal Rrapaj, Zewei Xiong

摘要:

集体中微子振荡在天体物理环境中传输轻子味起着至关重要的作用,如超新星和中子星双星合并残留物,其特征是大中微子密度。在这些情况下,平均场近似的模拟表明中微子-中微子相互作用可以超越真空振荡,并在时间尺度$t\proptoμ^{-1}$上产生快速的集体味演化,其中$μ$与局域中微子密度成正比。在这项工作中,我们研究了完整的平衡风味动力学在简单的多角度的几何显示快速振荡的平均场线性稳定性分析。针对简单的初始条件,我们分析了在完整的多体动力学中,对关联和纠缠的产生作为系统中中微子数$N$的函数,最多可达数千个中微子。类似于简单的几何结构,只有两个中微子束,我们确定了三个制度:稳定的配置与消失的味道振荡,轻微不稳定的配置与演变发生在长时间尺度上$τ\approxμ^{-1}\sqrt{N}$,和不稳定的配置显示味道演变在短时间尺度上$τ\approxμ^{-1}\log(N)$。我们提出的证据表明,这些快速集体模式产生的相同的动力学相变,导致缓慢的双极振荡,建立这两种现象之间的联系,并解释其时间尺度的差异。最后,我们讨论了一个半经典的近似再现的纠缠熵在短期到中期的时间尺度,并可能是潜在的有用的情况下,更复杂的几何经典的模拟方法开始变得低效。

英文摘要:

Collective neutrino oscillations play a crucial role in transporting lepton flavor in astrophysical settings like supernovae and neutron star binary merger remnants, which are characterized by large neutrino densities. In these settings, simulations in the mean-field approximation show that neutrino-neutrino interactions can overtake vacuum oscillations and give rise to fast collective flavor evolution on time-scales $t\proptoμ^{-1}$, with $μ$ proportional to the local neutrino density. In this work, we study the full out-of-equilibrium flavor dynamics in simple multi-angle geometries displaying fast oscillations in the mean field linear stability analysis. Focusing on simple initial conditions, we analyze the production of pair correlations and entanglement in the complete many-body-dynamics as a function of the number $N$ of neutrinos in the system, for up to thousands of neutrinos. Similarly to simpler geometries with only two neutrino beams, we identify three regimes: stable configurations with vanishing flavor oscillations, marginally unstable configurations with evolution occurring on long time scales $τ\approxμ^{-1}\sqrt{N}$, and unstable configurations showing flavor evolution on short time scales $τ\approxμ^{-1}\log(N)$. We present evidence that these fast collective modes are generated by the same dynamical phase transition which leads to the slow bipolar oscillations, establishing a connection between these two phenomena and explaining the difference in their time scales. We conclude by discussing a semi-classical approximation which reproduces the entanglement entropy at short to medium time scales and can be potentially useful in situations with more complicated geometries where classical simulation methods starts to become inefficient.

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