无轴对称性的三维集体快中微子味转换的演化与准稳态
Evolution and the quasistationary state of collective fast neutrino flavor conversion in three dimensions without axisymmetry
AI总结：
本研究针对三种轴向非对称中微子角分布，探究三维集体快中微子味转换的演化，发现系统演化至无ELN角交叉的准稳态且部分角域近味平衡，还对比了轴对称与非对称分布的模拟结果，提出三种三维解析方案并验证其性能，为多维输运模型开发提供支持。
摘要：
本研究在具有周期性边界条件的三维（3D）立方盒中，针对三种不同的轴向非对称中微子角分布，探究了集体快中微子味转换（FFC）的演化过程。我们发现系统会向准稳态演化，在该状态下，空间平均的中微子电子轻子数减去μ子轻子数（ELN）的角分布不存在任何交叉。在准稳态下，由初始ELN角交叉等值线围成的一个角域内几乎实现了味平衡，这与基于具有轴对称中微子角分布的简化一维（1D）系统得出的结论相似。我们还在初始一阶ELN角矩仅具有一个非零空间分量的坐标系中开展了额外模拟，分别使用原始的轴向非对称ELN角分布及对应的轴对称ELN分布，发现两组结果之间存在有趣的相似性。最后，我们提出了三种从早期一维模型推广到三维模型的不同解析方案，并评估了它们在预测FFC后矩方面的性能。我们的研究结果表明，进一步开发多维有效经典输运模型以捕捉FFC效应是很有前景的。
英文摘要：
We investigate in this work the evolution of the collective fast neutrino flavor conversion (FFC) in a three dimensional (3D) cubic box with periodic boundary condition for three different neutrino angular distributions that are axially asymmetric. We find that the system evolves toward a quasistationary state where the angular distribution of the spatially averaged neutrino electron-minus-muon lepton number (ELN) does not contain any crossings. In the quasistationary state, near flavor equilibration is achieved in one angular domain enclosed by the initial ELN angular crossing contour, similar to the conclusion derived based on simplified one dimensional (1D) system with axially symmetric neutrino angular distributions. We have also performed additional simulations in coordinates where the initial first ELN angular moment has only one nonvanishing spatial component by using the original axially asymmetric ELN angular distributions as well as the corresponding axisymmetric ELN distributions, and find interesting similarity between these two sets. Finally, we propose three different analytical prescriptions generalized from earlier 1D models to 3D models, and evaluate their performances in predicting the post-FFC moments. Our findings suggest that further development of effective classical transport model in multidimensions to capture the effect of FFC is promising.
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