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arXiv 2203.01633math.OCcs.NAmath.NAmath.PR
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多边际最优运输问题的数值方法:超越离散测度

Numerical method for feasible and approximately optimal solutions of multi-marginal optimal transport beyond discrete measures

Nanyang Technological University(南洋理工大学)

Ariel Neufeld, Qikun Xiang

AI总结:

本文提出一种数值算法,用于计算涉及一般概率测度(非必须离散)的多边际最优运输(MMOT)问题,通过松弛方案和定制对偶结果,将MMOT问题近似为线性无限优化问题,并能获得可行且近优解,其次优性可被控制至接近0。

摘要:

我们提出了一种数值算法,用于计算涉及一般概率测度(非必须离散)的多边际最优运输(MMOT)问题。通过开发一种松弛方案,其中边际约束被替换为有限多个线性约束,并通过证明该设置的定制对偶结果,我们将MMOT问题近似为线性无限优化问题。此外,我们能够恢复MMOT问题的可行且近优解,并且其次优性可以在温和条件下被控制到接近0。所开发的近似方案导致一种能够计算MMOT问题的可行且近优解的数值算法,其次优性可以任意小。除了近优解外,该算法还计算了MMOT问题最优值的上界和下界。计算的上下界之间的差异为计算的近优解提供了显式的次优界。我们通过三个数值实验展示了所提出的算法,这些实验涉及来自流体动力学的MMOT问题、Wasserstein均值问题以及具有100个边际的大型MMOT问题。我们观察到,我们的算法能够计算这些MMOT问题的高质量解,并且计算的次优界比其理论上界要保守得多。此外,我们比较了我们的算法与现有正则化算法,以展示其优势。

英文摘要:

We propose a numerical algorithm for the computation of multi-marginal optimal transport (MMOT) problems involving general probability measures that are not necessarily discrete. By developing a relaxation scheme in which marginal constraints are replaced by finitely many linear constraints and by proving a specifically tailored duality result for this setting, we approximate the MMOT problem by a linear semi-infinite optimization problem. Moreover, we are able to recover a feasible and approximately optimal solution of the MMOT problem, and its sub-optimality can be controlled to be arbitrarily close to 0 under mild conditions. The developed approximation scheme leads to a numerical algorithm which can compute a feasible and approximately optimal solution of the MMOT problem with arbitrarily small sub-optimality. Besides the approximately optimal solution, the algorithm also computes upper and lower bounds for the optimal value of the MMOT problem. The difference between the computed bounds provides an explicit sub-optimality bound for the computed approximately optimal solution. We demonstrate the proposed algorithm in three numerical experiments involving an MMOT problem that stems from fluid dynamics, the Wasserstein barycenter problem, and a large-scale MMOT problem with 100 marginals. We observe that our algorithm is capable of computing high-quality solutions of these MMOT problems and the computed sub-optimality bounds are much less conservative than their theoretical upper bounds in all the experiments. Moreover, we compare our algorithm with existing regularization-based algorithms to showcase its advantages.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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