相互依赖网络系统抗连锁故障的动态耦合策略
Dynamic Coupling Strategy for Interdependent Network Systems Against Cascading Failures
摘要：
级联故障是复杂网络系统中的一种常见现象，其中仅少数节点的故障就可能触发一个连续故障过程。我们应用一个流量再分配模型来研究现代系统（如电网、交通系统等）中的流量/负荷对连锁故障的鲁棒性。包含多个相互依赖的网络。在这样的系统中，网络之间的耦合系数决定了多少流量/负载在网络之间重新分配，是决定级联故障鲁棒性的关键因素。我们推导出递归表达式来描述动态网络耦合下系统的演化。使用这些表达式，我们增强了相互依赖的网络系统的鲁棒性，根据当前系统的情况，动态调整耦合系数，最大限度地减少随后的故障。分析和仿真结果表明，鲁棒性的显着改善相比，以前的工作，只考虑固定的耦合系数。我们提出的逐步优化（SWO）方法不仅表现出良好的性能对级联故障，但也提供了更好的计算复杂性，可扩展性多个网络，并灵活地对不同的攻击类型。我们在模拟中表明，SWO提供了对级联故障的多个不同的网络拓扑结构的鲁棒性。
英文摘要：
Cascading failures are a common phenomenon in complex networked systems where failures at only a few nodes may trigger a process of sequential failure. We applied a flow redistribution model to investigate the robustness against cascading failures in modern systems carrying flows/loads (i.e. power grid, transportation system, etc.) that contain multiple interdependent networks. In such a system, the coupling coefficients between networks, which determine how much flows/loads are redistributed between networks, are a key factor determining the robustness to cascading failures. We derive recursive expressions to characterize the evolution of such a system under dynamic network coupling. Using these expressions, we enhance the robustness of interdependent network systems by dynamically adjusting the coupling coefficients based on current system situations, minimizing the subsequent failures. The analytical and simulation results show a significant improvement in robustness compared to prior work, which considers only fixed coupling coefficients. Our proposed Step-wise Optimization (SWO) method not only shows good performance against cascading failures, but also offers better computational complexity, scalability to multiple networks, and flexibility to different attack types. We show in simulation that SWO provides robustness against cascading failures for multiple different network topologies.
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