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arXiv 2202.12955q-bio.NC
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皮层回路中的空间分布计算

Spatially distributed computation in cortical circuits

Sergei Gepshtein, Ambarish Pawar, Sunwoo Kwon, Sergey Savel'ev, Thomas D. Albright

摘要:

大脑皮层中神经计算的传统观点认为,感觉神经元是专门化的,即,对某些感官刺激有选择性。这一观点受到了挑战的证据之间的背景相互作用的刺激尺寸,其中一个神经元的反应,一个维度强烈依赖于其他维度。在这里,我们使用数学建模,心理物理学和电生理学的方法来解决传统观点的缺点。使用一个通用的皮层回路模型,我们从简单的演示开始,即皮层反应总是分布在神经元之间,形成特征波形,我们称之为神经波。当受到模式化刺激时,神经波的干扰会引起电路反应。所产生的干扰模式取决于刺激维度之间的相互作用。这些模拟的响应与生物视觉的响应的比较清楚地表明,神经波干扰的框架提供了一个有用的替代神经计算的标准概念。

英文摘要:

The traditional view of neural computation in the cerebral cortex holds that sensory neurons are specialized, i.e., selective for certain dimensions of sensory stimuli. This view was challenged by evidence of contextual interactions between stimulus dimensions in which a neuron's response to one dimension strongly depends on other dimensions. Here we use methods of mathematical modeling, psychophysics, and electrophysiology to address shortcomings of the traditional view. Using a model of a generic cortical circuit, we begin with the simple demonstration that cortical responses are always distributed among neurons, forming characteristic waveforms, which we call neural waves. When stimulated by patterned stimuli, circuit responses arise by interference of neural waves. Resulting patterns of interference depend on interaction between stimulus dimensions. Comparison of these modeled responses with responses of biological vision makes it clear that the framework of neural wave interference provides a useful alternative to the standard concept of neural computation.

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