非对称核物质的范德华状态方程
Van der Waals equation of state for asymmetric nuclear matter
摘要：
在临界态区域考虑了范德华状态方程在非对称核物质中的应用。从保证能斯特定理成立的Thomas-Fermi熵表达式出发，得到了费米统计对范德华压力和自由能的修正。导出的修正解释了有效核子质量和中子-质子同位素不对称性。以对称核物质临界温度的实验值为依据，对包含统计修正的范德华模型进行了检验，并与Skyrme能量密度泛函理论进行了比较，得到了范德华状态方程的参数。考虑了压力-温度-组分空间中的临界线。沿临界线确定了不可压缩系数，它是核物质组成的函数。讨论了比热在过临界线时的跃变。
英文摘要：
The application of van der Waals equation of state to the asymmetric nuclear matter is considered in a critical state region. The corrections to the van der Waals pressure and free energy due to the Fermi statistics are obtained starting from the Thomas--Fermi entropy expression which ensures the fulfilment of Nernst theorem. The derived corrections account for the effective nucleon mass and neutron-proton isotopic asymmetry. The parameters of van der Waals equation of state are deduced taking the experimental value of critical temperature for symmetric nuclear matter and testing the model of van der Waals with statistics corrections included against the theory of Skyrme energy density functional. Critical line in pressure-temperature-composition space is considered. Incompressibility coefficient is determined along the critical line as a function of nuclear matter composition. Jump in the value of specific heat upon crossing critical line is discussed.
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