Most of traditional single image deblurring methods before deep learning adopt a coarse-to-fine scheme that estimates a sharp image at a coarse scale and progressively refines it at finer scales. While this scheme has also been adopted to several deep learning-based approaches, recently a number of single-scale approaches have been introduced showing superior performance to previous coarse-to-fine approaches both in quality and computation time. In this paper, we revisit the coarse-to-fine scheme, and analyze defects of previous coarse-to-fine approaches that degrade their performance. Based on the analysis, we propose Multi-Scale-Stage Network (MSSNet), a novel deep learning-based approach to single image deblurring that adopts our remedies to the defects. Specifically, MSSNet adopts three novel technical components: stage configuration reflecting blur scales, an inter-scale information propagation scheme, and a pixel-shuffle-based multi-scale scheme. Our experiments show that MSSNet achieves the state-of-the-art performance in terms of quality, network size, and computation time.
Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院上海高等研究院）
Currently, many blind deblurring methods assume blurred images are noise-free and perform unsatisfactorily on the blurry images with noise. Unfortunately, noise is quite common in real scenes. A straightforward solution is to denoise images before deblurring them. However, even state-of-the-art denoisers cannot guarantee to remove noise entirely. Slight residual noise in the denoised images could cause significant artifacts in the deblurring stage. To tackle this problem, we propose a cascaded framework consisting of a denoiser subnetwork and a deblurring subnetwork. In contrast to previous me…
We introduce a novel framework for continuous facial motion deblurring that restores the continuous sharp moment latent in a single motion-blurred face image via a moment control factor. Although a motion-blurred image is the accumulated signal of continuous sharp moments during the exposure time, most existing single image deblurring approaches aim to restore a fixed number of frames using multiple networks and training stages. To address this problem, we propose a continuous facial motion deblurring network based on GAN (CFMD-GAN), which is a novel framework for restoring the continuous mome…
Zhejiang University（浙江大学）；ETH Zürich（苏黎世联邦理工学院）；Karlsruhe Institute of Technology（卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院）；KU Leuven（鲁汶大学）
Traditional frame-based cameras inevitably suffer from motion blur due to long exposure times. As a kind of bio-inspired camera, the event camera records the intensity changes in an asynchronous way with high temporal resolution, providing valid image degradation information within the exposure time. In this paper, we rethink the eventbased image deblurring problem and unfold it into an end-to-end two-stage image restoration network. To effectively fuse event and image features, we design an event-image cross-modal attention module applied at multiple levels of our network, which allows to foc…
The task of image deblurring is a very ill-posed problem as both the image and the blur are unknown. Moreover, when pictures are taken in the wild, this task becomes even more challenging due to the blur varying spatially and the occlusions between the object. Due to the complexity of the general image model we propose a novel convolutional network architecture which directly generates the sharp image.This network is built in three stages, and exploits the benefits of pyramid schemes often used in blind deconvolution. One of the main difficulties in training such a network is to design a suita…
UHD Image Deblurring via Autoregressive Flow with Ill-conditioned Constraints
Shandong Normal University（山东师范大学）；Qilu University of Technology（齐鲁工业大学）；Nanjing University of Science and Technology（南京理工大学）；National University of Defense Technology（国防科学技术大学）；Shandong University（山东大学）
INRIA（法国国家信息与自动化研究所）；CNRS（法国国家科学研究中心）；PSL Research University（巴黎文理研究大学）
We address the problem of non-blind deblurring and demosaicking of noisy raw images. We adapt an existing learning-based approach to RGB image deblurring to handle raw images by introducing a new interpretable module that jointly demosaicks and deblurs them. We train this model on RGB images converted into raw ones following a realistic invertible camera pipeline. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this model over two-stage approaches stacking demosaicking and deblurring modules on quantitive benchmarks. We also apply our approach to remove a camera's inherent blur (its color-dependent point-…
DeepRFTv2: Kernel-level Learning for Image Deblurring
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, East China Normal University（上海多维信息处理重点实验室，华东师范大学）；State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（红外物理国家重点实验室，上海技术物理研究所，中国科学院）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）
Fujian Normal University（福建师范大学）；JOYY AI GROUP（欢聚集团AI团队）；China Design Group Co Ltd（中设集团有限公司）
Image deblurring is a classical computer vision problem that aims to recover a sharp image from a blurred image. To solve this problem, existing methods apply the Encode-Decode architecture to design the complex networks to make a good performance. However, most of these methods use repeated up-sampling and down-sampling structures to expand the receptive field, which results in texture information loss during the sampling process and some of them design the multiple stages that lead to difficulties with convergence. Therefore, our model uses dilated convolution to enable the obtainment of the…
TU Darmstadt（达姆施塔特工业大学）；TU Dresden（德累斯顿工业大学）；Microsoft Research Ltd（微软研究院）；Nuance Communications（纽安斯通信公司）
Conditional random fields (CRFs) are popular discriminative models for computer vision and have been successfully applied in the domain of image restoration, especially to image denoising. For image deblurring, however, discriminative approaches have been mostly lacking. We posit two reasons for this: First, the blur kernel is often only known at test time, requiring any discriminative approach to cope with considerable variability. Second, given this variability it is quite difficult to construct suitable features for discriminative prediction. To address these challenges we first show a conn…
Many deep learning based methods are designed to remove non-uniform (spatially variant) motion blur caused by object motion and camera shake without knowing the blur kernel. Some methods directly output the latent sharp image in one stage, while others utilize a multi-stage strategy (\eg multi-scale, multi-patch, or multi-temporal) to gradually restore the sharp image. However, these methods have the following two main issues: 1) The computational cost of multi-stage is high; 2) The same convolution kernel is applied in different regions, which is not an ideal choice for non-uniform blur. Henc…
Fractal-IR: A Unified Framework for Efficient and Scalable Image Restoration
ETH Zürich（苏黎世联邦理工学院）；University of Pisa（比萨大学）；University of Trento（特伦托大学）；Meta Reality Labs（元宇宙现实实验室）；Peking University（北京大学）；University of California, Merced（加州大学默塞德分校）
Inception Institute of AI（Inception人工智能研究所）；Mohamed bin Zayed University of AI（穆罕默德·本·扎耶德人工智能大学）；Monash University（莫纳什大学）；University of California, Merced（加州大学默塞德分校）；Yonsei University（延世大学）；Google Research（谷歌研究院）
Image restoration tasks demand a complex balance between spatial details and high-level contextualized information while recovering images. In this paper, we propose a novel synergistic design that can optimally balance these competing goals. Our main proposal is a multi-stage architecture, that progressively learns restoration functions for the degraded inputs, thereby breaking down the overall recovery process into more manageable steps. Specifically, our model first learns the contextualized features using encoder-decoder architectures and later combines them with a high-resolution branch t…
National Institute of Informatics, Japan（日本信息机构国家研究所）；National Engineering Research Center of Visual Technology, School of Computer Science, Peking University, China（视觉技术国家工程研究中心，北京大学计算机学院，中国）；State Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information Processing, School of Computer Science, Peking University, China（多媒体信息处理国家重点实验室，北京大学计算机学院，中国）；National Key Laboratory of General AI, School of Intelligence Science and Technology, Peking University, China（通用人工智能国家重点实验室，北京大学智能科学与技术学院，中国）
MoBluRF: Motion Deblurring Neural Radiance Fields for Blurry Monocular Video
School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology（韩国科学技术院电子工程学院）；Department of Imaging Science, GSAIM, Chung-Ang University（Chung-Ang大学成像科学系）
In this paper, we address the problem of reflection removal and deblurring from a single image captured by a plenoptic camera. We develop a two-stage approach to recover the scene depth and high resolution textures of the reflected and transmitted layers. For depth estimation in the presence of reflections, we train a classifier through convolutional neural networks. For recovering high resolution textures, we assume that the scene is composed of planar regions and perform the reconstruction of each layer by using an explicit form of the plenoptic camera point spread function. The proposed fra…
We propose a robust image enhancement algorithm dedicated for muscle fiber specimen images captured by optical microscopes. Blur or out of focus problems are prevalent in muscle images during the image acquisition stage. Traditional image deconvolution methods do not work since they assume the blur kernels are known and also produce ring artifacts. We provide a compact framework which involves a novel spatially non-uniform blind deblurring approach specialized to muscle images which automatically detects and alleviates degraded regions. Ring artifacts problems are addressed and a kernel propag…
In this paper, we explore the role of Instance Normalization in low-level vision tasks. Specifically, we present a novel block: Half Instance Normalization Block (HIN Block), to boost the performance of image restoration networks. Based on HIN Block, we design a simple and powerful multi-stage network named HINet, which consists of two subnetworks. With the help of HIN Block, HINet surpasses the state-of-the-art (SOTA) on various image restoration tasks. For image denoising, we exceed it 0.11dB and 0.28 dB in PSNR on SIDD dataset, with only 7.5% and 30% of its multiplier-accumulator operations…
While working with fingerprint images acquired from crime scenes, mobile cameras, or low-quality sensors, it becomes difficult for automated identification systems to verify the identity due to image blur and distortion. We propose a fingerprint deblurring model FDeblur-GAN, based on the conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGANs) and multi-stage framework of the stack GAN. Additionally, we integrate two auxiliary sub-networks into the model for the deblurring task. The first sub-network is a ridge extractor model. It is added to generate ridge maps to ensure that fingerprint informati…
URWKV: Unified RWKV Model with Multi-state Perspective for Low-light Image Restoration
Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing, College of Computer and Data Science, Fuzhou University（福建网络计算与智能信息处理重点实验室，计算机与数据科学学院，福州大学）；Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence, Ministry of Education（大数据智能工程研究中心，教育部）
The goal of dynamic scene deblurring is to remove the motion blur in a given image. Typical learning-based approaches implement their solutions by minimizing the L1 or L2 distance between the output and the reference sharp image. Recent attempts adopt visual recognition features in training to improve the perceptual quality. However, those features are primarily designed to capture high-level contexts rather than low-level structures such as blurriness. Instead, we propose a more direct way to make images sharper by exploiting the inverse task of deblurring, namely, reblurring. Reblurring ampl…
Video deblurring remains a challenging task due to various causes of blurring. Traditional methods have considered how to utilize neighboring frames by the single-scale alignment for restoration. However, they typically suffer from misalignment caused by severe blur. In this work, we aim to better utilize neighboring frames with high efficient feature alignment. We propose a Pyramid Feature Alignment Network (PFAN) for video deblurring. First, the multi-scale feature of blurry frames is extracted with the strategy of Structure-to-Detail Downsampling (SDD) before alignment. This downsampling st…
Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf（杜塞尔多夫海因里希·海涅大学）；Technical University Dortmund（多特蒙德工业大学）
In this paper, we present our approach for the Helsinki Deblur Challenge (HDC2021). The task of this challenge is to deblur images of characters without knowing the point spread function (PSF). The organizers provided a dataset of pairs of sharp and blurred images. Our method consists of three steps: First, we estimate a warping transformation of the images to align the sharp images with the blurred ones. Next, we estimate the PSF using a quasi-Newton method. The estimated PSF allows to generate additional pairs of sharp and blurred images. Finally, we train a deep convolutional neural network…
D$^2$Turb: Depth-Aware Simulation and Decoupled Learning for Single-Frame Atmospheric Turbulence Mitigation
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（电子科技大学）；Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics and Electricity（北京空间机械与电子研究所）；School of Physics, Northwest University Xi'an（西安西北大学物理学院）
The quality of images captured by smartphones is an important specification since smartphones are becoming ubiquitous as primary capturing devices. The traditional image signal processing (ISP) pipeline in a smartphone camera consists of several image processing steps performed sequentially to reconstruct a high quality sRGB image from the raw sensor data. These steps consist of demosaicing, denoising, white balancing, gamma correction, colour enhancement, etc. Since each of them are performed sequentially using hand-crafted algorithms, the residual error from each processing module accumulate…
Dropout the High-rate Downsampling: A Novel Design Paradigm for UHD Image Restoration
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)（香港科技大学（广州））；Shandong Normal University（山东师范大学）；Sun Yat-sen University（中山大学）
VRAE: Vertical Residual Autoencoder for License Plate Denoising and Deblurring
Ha Noi University of Science and Technology（河内科学技术大学）；Center of Environmental Intelligence（环境智能中心）；VinUniversity（文大学）；University of Southern California（南加州大学）
Joint Transmission and Deblurring: A Semantic Communication Approach Using Events
College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University（浙江大学信息与电子工程学院）；School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University（武汉大学电子信息学院）
EnsIR: An Ensemble Algorithm for Image Restoration via Gaussian Mixture Models
Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院信息工程研究所）；School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学网络安全学院）；School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University（中山大学深圳校区网络空间安全学院）；Samsung Research China - Beijing (SRC-B)（三星中国研究院北京分院）；Camera Innovation Group, Samsung Electronics（三星电子相机创新集团）
Due to the development of deep learning-based denoisers, the plug-and-play strategy has achieved great success in image restoration problems. However, existing plug-and-play image restoration methods are designed for non-blind Gaussian denoising such as zhang et al (2022), the performance of which visibly deteriorate for unknown noises. To push the limits of plug-and-play image restoration, we propose a novel framework with blind Gaussian prior, which can deal with more complicated image restoration problems in the real world. More specifically, we build up a new image restoration model by reg…
Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）；TUM Department of Civil, Geo and Environmental Engineering（慕尼黑工业大学土木工程、地质与环境工程系）
We present a new two-stage pipeline for predicting frames of traffic scenes where relevant objects can still reliably be detected. Using a recent video prediction network, we first generate a sequence of future frames based on past frames. A second network then enhances these frames in order to make them appear more realistic. This ensures the quality of the predicted frames to be sufficient to enable accurate detection of objects, which is especially important for autonomously driving cars. To verify this two-stage approach, we conducted experiments on the Cityscapes dataset. For enhancing, w…
