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arXiv 2202.08889astro-ph.HEastro-ph.SR
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正常Ia型超新星表面Fe峰元素的婴儿相红化

Infant-phase reddening by surface Fe-peak elements in a normal Type Ia Supernova

Yuan Qi Ni, Dae-Sik Moon, Maria R. Drout, Abigail Polin, David J. Sand, Santiago Gonzalez-Gaitan, Sang Chul Kim, Youngdae Lee, Hong Soo Park, D. Andrew Howell, … 展开作者

Yuan Qi Ni, Dae-Sik Moon, Maria R. Drout, Abigail Polin, David J. Sand, Santiago Gonzalez-Gaitan, Sang Chul Kim, Youngdae Lee, Hong Soo Park, D. Andrew Howell, Peter E. Nugent, Anthony L. Piro, Peter J. Brown, Lluis Galbany, Jamison Burke, Daichi Hiramatsu, Griffin Hosseinzadeh, Stefano Valenti, Niloufar Afsariardchi, Jennifer E. Andrews, John Antoniadis, Iair Arcavi, Rachael L. Beaton, K. Azalee Bostroem, Raymond G. Carlberg, S. Bradley Cenko, Sang-Mok Cha, Yize Dong, Avishay Gal-Yam, Joshua Haislip, Thomas W. -S. Holoien, Sean D. Johnson, Vladimir Kouprianov, Yongseok Lee, Christopher D. Matzner, Nidia Morrell, Curtis McCully, Giuliano Pignata, Daniel E. Reichart, Jeffrey Rich, Stuart D. Ryder, Nathan Smith, Samuel Wyatt, Sheng Yang

摘要:

Ia型超新星是白矮星的热核爆炸。它们在宇宙的化学演化中起着核心作用,并且是宇宙学距离的重要度量。然而,关于它们的起源仍然存在悬而未决的问题。尽管人们做了大量的努力从它们最早的信号中获得出生信息,但到目前为止,观测仍未能确定它们中的大多数是如何爆炸的。在这里,我们提出了SN 2018 aoz的婴儿期检测从-10.5绝对AB星等的亮度-有史以来检测到的最低亮度早期Ia型信号-揭示了迄今为止未见的高原在$B$ -带,导致在1.0和12.4小时之间的快速红色的颜色演变估计的第一个光的时代。丢失的$B$带通量最好的解释是线毯吸收的Fe峰元素在外部的1%的喷射质量。观察到的SN的$B-V$颜色演变也与从在相同的外部1%的喷射质量中的Fe峰元素的过密度的预测相匹配,而从Fe峰元素的纯单调分布预期更蓝的颜色。在喷出物的最外层存在过量的核合成物质,这表明在一些正常的Ia型超新星爆炸中,表面核燃烧或亚音速混合过程增强。

英文摘要:

Type Ia Supernovae are thermonuclear explosions of white dwarf stars. They play a central role in the chemical evolution of the Universe and are an important measure of cosmological distances. However, outstanding questions remain about their origins. Despite extensive efforts to obtain natal information from their earliest signals, observations have thus far failed to identify how the majority of them explode. Here, we present infant-phase detections of SN 2018aoz from a brightness of -10.5 absolute AB magnitudes -- the lowest luminosity early Type Ia signals ever detected -- revealing a hitherto unseen plateau in the $B$-band that results in a rapid redward color evolution between 1.0 and 12.4 hours after the estimated epoch of first light. The missing $B$-band flux is best-explained by line-blanket absorption from Fe-peak elements in the outer 1% of the ejected mass. The observed $B-V$ color evolution of the SN also matches the prediction from an over-density of Fe-peak elements in the same outer 1% of the ejected mass, whereas bluer colors are expected from a purely monotonic distribution of Fe-peak elements. The presence of excess nucleosynthetic material in the extreme outer layers of the ejecta points to enhanced surface nuclear burning or extended sub-sonic mixing processes in some normal Type Ia Supernova explosions.

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