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arXiv 2202.08397astro-ph.EPphysics.ao-phphysics.flu-dyn
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由霾层辐射加热驱动的土卫六平流层的超旋转

Superrotation of Titan's stratosphere driven by the radiative heating of the haze layer

Motoki Sumi, Shin-ichi Takehiro, Wataru Ohfuchi, Hideko Nomura, Yuka Fujii

摘要:

土卫六的平流层被观察到处于超旋转状态,大气的旋转速度比表面快很多倍。土卫六大气层的另一个特点是存在厚厚的薄雾层。本文利用大气环流模式(GCM)进行了数值试验,探讨了霾层对平流层超旋的影响。我们采用了McKay等人(1999)的土卫六大气层半灰色辐射模型,该模型考虑了霾粒子对阳光的吸收。没有考虑甲烷的相变或季节变化。我们的模型与辐射参数调整土卫六产生了全球东风在赤道附近的更大的速度在更高的高度,除了在大约70公里后$10^5$地球天。虽然大气不是处于平衡态,但纬向风廓线与观测廓线基本一致。实验分析表明,平流层准定常超旋是由与地面解耦的纬向环流和向赤道输送角动量的涡旋之间的平衡维持的。这与所谓的吉拉斯机制不同,但类似,在吉拉斯机制中,动量是从表面提供的。这种结构可以解释在大约$80$ km高度的无风区。

英文摘要:

Titan's stratosphere has been observed in a superrotation state, where the atmosphere rotates many times faster than the surface does. Another characteristics of Titan's atmosphere is the presence of thick haze layer. In this paper, we performed numerical experiments using a General Circulation Model (GCM), to explore the effects of the haze layer on the stratospheric superrotation. We employed a semi-gray radiation model of Titan's atmosphere following McKay et al. (1999), which takes account of the sunlight absorption by haze particles. The phase change of methane or the seasonal changes were not taken into account. Our model with the radiation parameters tuned for Titan yielded the global eastward wind around the equator with larger velocities at higher altitudes except at around 70 km after $10^5$ Earth days. Although the atmosphere is not in an equilibrium state, the zonal wind profiles is approximately consistent with the observed one. Analysis on our experiments suggests that the quasi-stationary stratospheric superrotation is maintained by the balance between the meridional circulation decoupled from the surface, and the eddies that transport angular momentum equatorward. This is different from, but similar to, the so-called Gierasch mechanism, in which momentum is supplied from the surface. This structure may explain the no-wind region at about $80$ km in altitude.

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