高繁殖方差条件下的完全一致性
Total consensus under high reproductive-variance conditions
摘要：
星状的谱系分支模式在海洋物种中很常见。高繁殖力的海洋种群的特点是有效种群规模与实际种群规模的比率低，这反映了大量产卵的父母之间的繁殖成功率差异很大。当极端繁殖事件发生时，来自极少数亲本的后代占主导地位（由此出现多个合并，或具有星形树的谱系子集），因此，遗传多样性〈动〉<动>是显著的。在高繁殖方差的条件下（假设繁殖发生从帕累托分布抽样），本文探讨了杂合性跨代的分布。结果表明，未达到零杂合性，这意味着群体可能会下降，而没有明显的遗传变异损失。同时还发现杂合度分布中存在奇异性。然而，在高繁殖方差的情况下，奇异点的位置微妙地偏离了Wright-Fisher抽样繁殖的情况。
英文摘要：
Star-shaped branching patterns of genealogies are common in marine species. High-fecundity marine populations are characterized by low ratios of effective to actual population size, which reflect high variance in reproductive success among parents in mass spawns. When extreme reproduction events occur, offspring from very few parents dominate the population (whereby multiple mergers, or subsets of lineages with star-like trees, arise) and thus, the loss of genetic diversity is significant. Under high reproductive-variance conditions (assuming that reproduction occurs by sampling from the Pareto distribution), this paper explores the distribution of heterozygosity across generations. The result shows that zero heterozygosity is not achieved, implying that the populations may decline without evident loss of genetic variation. It is also found that there are singularities in the heterozygosity distributions. However, in the case of high reproductive variance, the locations of the singular points subtly deviate from those of the case where reproduction occurs by Wright-Fisher sampling.
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