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arXiv 2202.07341physics.bio-phcond-mat.soft
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极性细胞在细胞外基质中多细胞迁移的活性凝胶理论

Active-gel Theory for Multicellular Migration of Polar Cells in the Extra-cellular Matrix

Ram M. Adar, Jean-François Joanny

摘要:

我们制定了一个活性凝胶理论的细胞外基质(ECM)中的多细胞迁移。将细胞建模为活性极性溶剂,将ECM建模为粘弹性固体。我们的理论能够分析迁移细胞和它们的环境之间的动态相互作用,在不同的相对力和对齐机制。我们分析了极性细胞在ECM中均匀迁移的线性稳定性。我们的理论预测,作为细胞-基质排列的结果,收缩细胞均匀迁移为小波矢量,而足够伸展的细胞迁移域。由于主动力和细胞与其浓度梯度的对齐,伸展细胞和收缩细胞的均匀细胞迁移对于较大的波矢量可能是不稳定的。这些机制通过细胞与迁移流和基质刚度的对齐来稳定。他们预计将被完全抑制为刚性矩阵的弹性模量为10千帕。我们的理论应该是有用的,在分析多细胞迁移和ECM图案在介观尺度。

英文摘要:

We formulate an active-gel theory for multicellular migration in the extra-cellular matrix (ECM). The cells are modeled as an active, polar solvent, and the ECM as a viscoelastic solid. Our theory enables to analyze the dynamic reciprocity between the migrating cells and their environment in terms of distinct relative forces and alignment mechanisms. We analyze the linear stability of polar cells migrating homogeneously in the ECM. Our theory predicts that, as a consequence of cell-matrix alignment, contractile cells migrate homogeneously for small wave vectors, while sufficiently extensile cells migrate in domains. Homogeneous cell migration of both extensile and contractile cells may be unstable for larger wave vectors, due to active forces and the alignment of cells with their concentration gradient. These mechanisms are stabilized by cellular alignment to the migration flow and matrix stiffness. They are expected to be suppressed entirely for rigid matrices with elastic moduli of order 10 kPa. Our theory should be useful in analyzing multicellular migration and ECM patterning at the mesoscopic scale.

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