有机金属卤化铅钙钛矿中的“禁戒”极化和反常压电效应
"Forbidden" polarisation and extraordinary piezoelectric effect in organometallic lead halide perovskites
摘要：
有机卤化铅钙钛矿是用于太阳能电池和其他光电应用的高效材料，这归因于它们的高量子效率和优异的半导体性质。这些钙钛矿的特性是在外力下的实质性离子运动。在这里，我们发现，电场和光诱导的离子运动MAPbX 3晶体（X=Cl，Br，I和MA= CH 3 NH 3）导致意想不到的压电类响应，一个数量级大于铁电钙钛矿氧化物。名义上的宏观对称性的晶体被打破的离子物种，这可以确定性地控制由光和电场的重新分配。所揭示的压电响应可能存在于具有显著离子活性的其他材料中，但有机金属钙钛矿的独特特征是对离子运动（MA+和X-1）和照明产生的光电子的相互作用的压电响应的强烈影响。
英文摘要：
Organometallic lead halide perovskites are highly efficient materials for solar cells and other optoelectronic applications due to their high quantum efficiency and exceptional semiconducting properties. A peculiarity of these perovskites is the substantial ionic motion under external forces. Here, we reveal that electric field-and light-induced ionic motion in MAPbX3 crystals (X=Cl, Br, I and MA=CH3NH3) leads to unexpected piezoelectric-like response, an order of magnitude larger than in ferroelectric perovskite oxides. The nominal macroscopic symmetry of the crystals is broken by redistribution of ionic species, which can be controlled deterministically by light and electric field. The revealed piezoelectric response is possibly present in other materials with significant ionic activity but the unique feature of organometallic perovskites is the strong effect on the piezoelectric response of interplay of ionic motion (MA+ and X-1) and photoelectrons generated with illumination.
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