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arXiv 2202.00604quant-ph
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纠缠自由电子与光学激发

Entangling free electrons and optical excitations

Andrea Konečná, Fadil Iyikanat, F. Javier García de Abajo

AI总结:

本文提出通过塑造自由电子波函数轮廓,选择性激发光学腔中的目标模式,从而在自由电子与光学激发之间产生纯纠缠,并以银纳米颗粒等离激元和无机分子振动为例进行理论验证。

摘要:

飞行粒子与光学纳米腔之间的非弹性相互作用会产生纠缠态,其中腔体的某些激发与粒子能量或动量的变化成对出现。特别是,自由电子与纳米腔模式之间的纠缠,为利用电子强大的相互作用能力开辟了诱人的机会。然而,目前通过电子与光学腔相互作用所能实现的纠缠程度,受到对所得态混合缺乏外部选择性的严重限制。在此,我们提出一种方案,用于在腔中指定的光学激发与可分离的自由电子态之间产生纯纠缠。具体而言,我们塑造电子波函数轮廓,以大幅减少可访问的腔模式数量,并同时将它们与目标电子散射方向关联起来。我们通过对银纳米颗粒中简并和非简并等离激元模式以及无机分子中原子振动的自由电子纠缠进行理论描述,来例证这一概念。所产生的纠缠可以进一步通过其电子分量传播,从而将量子相互作用扩展到目前所探索的协议之外。

英文摘要:

The inelastic interaction between flying particles and optical nanocavities gives rise to entangled states in which some excitations of the latter are paired with changes in the energy or momentum of the former. In particular, entanglement of free electrons and nanocavity modes opens appealing opportunities associated with the strong interaction capabilities of the electrons. However, the degree of entanglement that is currently achievable by electron interaction with optical cavities is severely limited by the lack of external selectivity over the resulting state mixtures. Here, we propose a scheme to generate pure entanglement between designated optical excitations in a cavity and separable free-electron states. Specifically, we shape the electron wave-function profile to dramatically reduce the number of accessible cavity modes and simultaneously associate them with targeted electron scattering directions. We exemplify this concept through a theoretical description of free-electron entanglement with degenerate and nondegenerate plasmon modes in silver nanoparticles as well as atomic vibrations in an inorganic molecule. The generated entanglement can be further propagated through its electron component to extend quantum interactions beyond currently explored protocols.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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