arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2201.13248cs.ROcs.AIcs.LGcs.NE
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SafeAPT:使用在仿真中学习的不同策略的安全仿真到真实机器人学习

SafeAPT: Safe Simulation-to-Real Robot Learning using Diverse Policies Learned in Simulation

Aalto University(阿尔托大学)

Rituraj Kaushik, Karol Arndt, Ville Kyrki

摘要:

仿真到真实学习的框架,即在仿真中学习策略并将这些策略转移到现实世界中,是机器人数据高效学习最有前途的方法之一。然而,由于仿真和真实世界之间不可避免的现实差距,在仿真中学习的策略可能并不总是在真实机器人上生成安全行为。因此,在现实世界中的策略的适应期间,机器人可能会损坏自身或对其周围环境造成伤害。在这项工作中,我们引入了一种新的学习算法称为SafeAPT,利用不同的剧目的政策演变的模拟和转移最有前途的安全政策,真正的机器人通过情节互动。为了实现这一点,SafeAPT迭代地学习概率奖励模型以及使用现实世界的观察与模拟经验相结合作为先验的安全模型。然后,它使用奖励模型对指令集执行贝叶斯优化,同时使用安全模型保持指定的安全约束。SafeAPT允许机器人安全地适应各种目标,并在模拟中使用相同的策略。我们比较了SafeAPT与几个基线,无论是在模拟和真实的机器人实验,并表明SafeAPT发现高性能的政策在几分钟内在现实世界中,同时最大限度地减少安全违规的互动过程中。

英文摘要:

The framework of Simulation-to-real learning, i.e, learning policies in simulation and transferring those policies to the real world is one of the most promising approaches towards data-efficient learning in robotics. However, due to the inevitable reality gap between the simulation and the real world, a policy learned in the simulation may not always generate a safe behaviour on the real robot. As a result, during adaptation of the policy in the real world, the robot may damage itself or cause harm to its surroundings. In this work, we introduce a novel learning algorithm called SafeAPT that leverages a diverse repertoire of policies evolved in the simulation and transfers the most promising safe policy to the real robot through episodic interaction. To achieve this, SafeAPT iteratively learns a probabilistic reward model as well as a safety model using real-world observations combined with simulated experiences as priors. Then, it performs Bayesian optimization on the repertoire with the reward model while maintaining the specified safety constraint using the safety model. SafeAPT allows a robot to adapt to a wide range of goals safely with the same repertoire of policies evolved in the simulation. We compare SafeAPT with several baselines, both in simulated and real robotic experiments and show that SafeAPT finds high-performance policies within a few minutes in the real world while minimizing safety violations during the interactions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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