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arXiv 2201.12667cs.DCcs.LG
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分布式SLIDE:通过模型并行和稀疏性在低带宽和简单CPU集群上训练大型神经网络

Distributed SLIDE: Enabling Training Large Neural Networks on Low Bandwidth and Simple CPU-Clusters via Model Parallelism and Sparsity

Rice University(莱斯大学);ThirdAI Corp.(ThirdAI公司)

Minghao Yan, Nicholas Meisburger, Tharun Medini, Anshumali Shrivastava

摘要:

超过70%的云计算是付费的,但处于闲置状态。这些空闲计算中的很大一部分是廉价的CPU,其核心很少,在不太繁忙的时间内不会被利用。本文旨在使这些CPU周期能够训练重量级AI模型。我们的目标是反对主流框架,这些框架专注于利用昂贵的专用超高带宽互连来解决分布式神经网络训练中的通信瓶颈。本文提出了一种分布式模型并行训练框架,使训练大型神经网络上的小CPU集群与低互联网带宽。我们建立在SLIDE算法引入的自适应稀疏训练框架之上。通过在分布式节点上仔细部署稀疏性,我们展示了比Horovod(大多数商业软件背后的主引擎)快几个数量级的模型并行训练。我们表明,减少通信,由于稀疏性,我们可以训练接近十亿参数模型上简单的4-16核心CPU节点连接的基本低带宽互连。此外,训练时间与一些最好的硬件加速器相当。

英文摘要:

More than 70% of cloud computing is paid for but sits idle. A large fraction of these idle compute are cheap CPUs with few cores that are not utilized during the less busy hours. This paper aims to enable those CPU cycles to train heavyweight AI models. Our goal is against mainstream frameworks, which focus on leveraging expensive specialized ultra-high bandwidth interconnect to address the communication bottleneck in distributed neural network training. This paper presents a distributed model-parallel training framework that enables training large neural networks on small CPU clusters with low Internet bandwidth. We build upon the adaptive sparse training framework introduced by the SLIDE algorithm. By carefully deploying sparsity over distributed nodes, we demonstrate several orders of magnitude faster model parallel training than Horovod, the main engine behind most commercial software. We show that with reduced communication, due to sparsity, we can train close to a billion parameter model on simple 4-16 core CPU nodes connected by basic low bandwidth interconnect. Moreover, the training time is at par with some of the best hardware accelerators.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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