热流出和冷流出之间的联系
The Link between Hot and Cool Outflows
摘要：
热恒星流出和冷恒星流出之间的联系被证明是正确预测最大质量的黑洞（BH）的质量低于所谓的对不稳定超新星（PISN）质量差距的关键。引力波（GW）事件190521据称举办了一个“不可能”的85太阳质量的沉重BH。在这里，我们将展示我们如何增加对金属丰度Z和温度相关质量损失的了解，这对我们的低Z蓝超巨星（BSG）祖先的进化方案至关重要，最初大约有100个太阳质量的恒星。我们使用MESA恒星演化模拟实验表明，只要我们能保持这样的恒星高于8000 K，这样的低Z BSG可以避免强风，并保持一个非常大的信封质量完整的核心崩溃之前。这自然会导致宇宙时间相关的最大BH函数低于PISN间隙。
英文摘要：
The link between hot and cool stellar outflows is shown to be critical for correctly predicting the masses of the most massive black holes (BHs) below the so-called pair-instability supernova (PISN) mass gap. Gravitational Wave (GW) event 190521 allegedly hosted an "impossibly" heavy BH of 85 Solar Masses. Here we show how our increased knowledge of both metallicity Z and temperature dependent mass loss is critical for our evolutionary scenario of a low-Z blue supergiant (BSG) progenitor of an initially approx 100 Solar Masses star to work. We show using MESA stellar evolution modelling experiments that as long as we can keep such stars above 8000 K such low-Z BSGs can avoid strong winds, and keep a very large envelope mass intact before core collapse. This naturally leads to the Cosmic Time dependent maximum BH function below the PISN gap.
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