GLIMPSE扩展绿色物体（EGO）中的双极分子流出和热核
Bipolar Molecular Outflows and Hot Cores in GLIMPSE Extended Green Objects (EGOs)
摘要：
我们提出了高角分辨率亚毫米阵列（SMA）和毫米波天文学研究组合阵列（CARMA）的观测两个GLIMPSE扩展绿色物体（EGO）-大质量的年轻恒星物体（MYSO）流出的候选人确定的基础上，他们的扩展4.5微米的发射斯皮策图像。毫米观测揭示了双极分子流出，由高速12 CO（2-1）和HCO+（1-0）排放追踪，与两个源中的4.5微米叶一致。SiO（2-1）发射证实了延伸的4.5微米发射跟踪活性流出。在每个EGO中确定了一个单一的主导流出，并初步证明一个来源中存在多个流量（G11.92-0.61）。外流驱动源是紧凑的毫米连续核，表现出热芯谱线发射，并与6.7 GHz的II类甲醇脉泽。G11.92-0.61与至少三个致密核心有关：外流驱动源和两个基本上没有线发射的核心。相比之下，G19.01-0.03表现为单个MYSO。多重性的差异，相对较弱的热核发射，以及其分子气体扩展包层的优势，都表明G19.01-0.03可能处于比G11.92-0.61更早的演化阶段。对G19.01-0.03光谱能量分布的建模表明，在致密的毫米核（Mgas ~ 12-16 Msun）中已经形成了一颗中心（原）恒星（M ~10 Msun），并且吸积以每年约10^-3太阳质量的速度进行。我们的观察结果证实，这些EGO是年轻的MYSO驱动大规模的双极分子外流，并证明了相当大的化学和进化多样性的EGO样品内存在。
英文摘要：
We present high angular resolution Submillimeter Array (SMA) and Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA) observations of two GLIMPSE Extended Green Objects (EGOs)--massive young stellar object (MYSO) outflow candidates identified based on their extended 4.5 micron emission in Spitzer images. The mm observations reveal bipolar molecular outflows, traced by high-velocity 12CO(2-1) and HCO+(1-0) emission, coincident with the 4.5 micron lobes in both sources. SiO(2-1) emission confirms that the extended 4.5 micron emission traces active outflows. A single dominant outflow is identified in each EGO, with tentative evidence for multiple flows in one source (G11.92-0.61). The outflow driving sources are compact millimeter continuum cores, which exhibit hot-core spectral line emission and are associated with 6.7 GHz Class II methanol masers. G11.92-0.61 is associated with at least three compact cores: the outflow driving source, and two cores that are largely devoid of line emission. In contrast, G19.01-0.03 appears as a single MYSO. The difference in multiplicity, the comparative weakness of its hot core emission, and the dominance of its extended envelope of molecular gas all suggest that G19.01-0.03 may be in an earlier evolutionary stage than G11.92-0.61. Modeling of the G19.01-0.03 spectral energy distribution suggests that a central (proto)star (M ~10 Msun) has formed in the compact mm core (Mgas ~ 12-16 Msun), and that accretion is ongoing at a rate of ~10^-3 solar masses per year. Our observations confirm that these EGOs are young MYSOs driving massive bipolar molecular outflows, and demonstrate that considerable chemical and evolutionary diversity are present within the EGO sample.
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