用NES阶梯光栅摄谱仪在SAO RAS的6米望远镜上进行的选定恒星光谱学计划的结果
Results of selected stellar spectroscopy programs at the 6-m telescope of SAO RAS performed with the NES echelle spectrograph
摘要：
在过去的二十年中，6米望远镜的中阶梯光谱仪NES被用来对跨越各种初始质量的远演化恒星进行高分辨率光谱分析。这些研究涵盖了在先前和当前演化阶段具有高质量损失率的各种恒星。所有这些恒星都有扩展的大气层和由强烈的恒星风产生的结构化的星周包层。我们已经研究了爱丁顿极限附近的亮蓝变星;光谱中有B[e]现象的热超巨星，它们很可能是快速质量交换阶段之后不久的中等质量双星系统;一组黄超巨星，以及广泛的低质量后AGB超巨星样本。这些恒星类型的多样性，其共同特征是存在一个拱星信封，使光谱学的这样的对象是一个全面的任务。这些研究包括许多方面，其中不仅包括确定其大气化学成分的特殊性和了解超巨星在星际介质富集新合成元素方面的作用，而且还包括确定所考虑物体的演变状态，以及搜索和分析其扩展和不稳定大气和气尘包层中运动过程的光谱表现。我们光谱监测选定的对象，详细研究的不稳定性的运动状态的大气中考虑的恒星。本综述简要报告了1998- 2021年在计划框架内获得的最重要的观测结果。
英文摘要：
Over the past two decades the echelle spectrograph NES of the 6-m telescope was used to perform high resolution spectroscopy of far evolved stars spanning a wide range of initial masses. The studies cover a diversity of stars with high mass-loss rates during the preceding and current stages of evolution. All these stars have extended atmospheres and structured circumstellar envelopes produced by strong stellar winds. We have studied luminous blue variables near the Eddington limit; hot supergiants with B[e] phenomenon in spectra, which are very likely intermediate-mass binary systems soon after the fast mass exchange stage; a group of yellow hypergiants, as well as an extensive sample of low-mass post-AGB supergiants. The diverse nature of the types of these stars whose common feature is the presence of a circumstellar envelope makes the spectroscopy of such objects a comprehensive task. Such studies consist of many etapes, which include not only determining the peculiarities of their atmospheric chemical composition and understanding the role of supergiants in the enrichment of the interstellar medium with freshly synthesized elements, but also the determination of the evolution status of the objects considered, as well as search for and analysis of spectroscopic manifestations of kinematic processes in their extended and unstable atmospheres and gas-dust envelopes. We spectroscopically monitored selected objects to study in detail the instability of the kinematic state of the atmospheres of the stars considered. This review reports briefly the most significant observational obtained within the framework of the programs in 1998--2021.
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