arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2201.10182cs.CVcs.AI
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预训练语言Transformers是通用图像分类器

Pre-Trained Language Transformers are Universal Image Classifiers

University of Tartu(塔尔图大学);Sharif University of Technology(谢里夫理工大学);University of South Carolina(南卡罗来纳大学)

Rahul Goel, Modar Sulaiman, Kimia Noorbakhsh, Mahdi Sharifi, Rajesh Sharma, Pooyan Jamshidi, Kallol Roy

摘要:

面部图像揭示了许多隐藏的个人特征,如年龄,性别,种族,健康,情绪和心理。了解这些特征将有助于将人们分为不同的属性。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的方法,使用预训练的Transformer模型进行图像分类。我们将预训练的Transformer应用于犯罪和非犯罪类别的面部图像的二进制分类。GPT-2的预训练的Transformer被训练成生成文本,然后被微调成对面部图像进行分类。在对图像进行微调的过程中,GT-2的大部分层在反向传播过程中被冻结,模型被冻结在预训练的Transformer(FPT)中。FPT作为一种通用的图像分类器,本文展示了FPT在人脸图像上的应用。我们还在加密图像上使用FPT进行分类。我们的FPT在原始面部图像和加密图像上都显示出很高的准确性。我们假设FPT的元学习能力是因为它的规模大,并通过理论和实验进行了大规模的训练。GPT-2训练一次生成一个单词token,通过自回归过程,强制重尾分布。然后FPT使用重尾属性作为其分类图像的元学习能力。我们的工作显示了一种方法,以避免偏见在机器分类的图像。FPT编码的世俗知识,因为一个文本的预训练,它使用在分类。由于增加了文本的上下文信息,减少了分类的统计误差。本文展示了使用加密数据进行分类的伦理维度。犯罪图像对跨边界共享很敏感,但加密在很大程度上避免了伦理问题。FPT在加密图像上表现出良好的分类准确率,为隐私保护机器学习的进一步研究提供了希望。

英文摘要:

Facial images disclose many hidden personal traits such as age, gender, race, health, emotion, and psychology. Understanding these traits will help to classify the people in different attributes. In this paper, we have presented a novel method for classifying images using a pretrained transformer model. We apply the pretrained transformer for the binary classification of facial images in criminal and non-criminal classes. The pretrained transformer of GPT-2 is trained to generate text and then fine-tuned to classify facial images. During the finetuning process with images, most of the layers of GT-2 are frozen during backpropagation and the model is frozen pretrained transformer (FPT). The FPT acts as a universal image classifier, and this paper shows the application of FPT on facial images. We also use our FPT on encrypted images for classification. Our FPT shows high accuracy on both raw facial images and encrypted images. We hypothesize the meta-learning capacity FPT gained because of its large size and trained on a large size with theory and experiments. The GPT-2 trained to generate a single word token at a time, through the autoregressive process, forced to heavy-tail distribution. Then the FPT uses the heavy-tail property as its meta-learning capacity for classifying images. Our work shows one way to avoid bias during the machine classification of images.The FPT encodes worldly knowledge because of the pretraining of one text, which it uses during the classification. The statistical error of classification is reduced because of the added context gained from the text.Our paper shows the ethical dimension of using encrypted data for classification.Criminal images are sensitive to share across the boundary but encrypted largely evades ethical concern.FPT showing good classification accuracy on encrypted images shows promise for further research on privacy-preserving machine learning.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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